miosis en accomodatie (glaucoom)
verhoogt speekselsecretie (droge mond)
betanechol
stimuleert blaaslediging (blaasatonie)
E: verlagen hartslag, en contractiekracht
vasodilatatie (onrechtstreeks via NO)
specialised pharmacology 1
, gladde spiercellen gaan samentrekken (niet bloedvaten maar GI)
secretie van exocriene klieren
oog: miose en accomodatie
I: glaucoom, blaas atonie, droge mond en ogen
muscarine antagonisten (parasympatholytica,
anticholinerge agentia)
atropine
dilatatie van pupil
I: optalmoscopie en bradycardie
scopolamine = hyoscine
dilatatie van pupil
butylhyoscine bromide
spasmolytica, IBS
E: verhoogt hartritme, onveranderde bloeddruk
relaxatie van gladde spiercellen
verminderde secretie van exocriene klieren
oog: mydriasis, verminderde accomodatie
I: hyperactieve blaas , Parkinson en reisziekte, bradycardie,
anesthesie, intoxicatie van muscarine
bronchodilatatie bij COPD en astma (ipratropium)
neuromusculaire blokkeringsmiddelen,
spierverslappers
blokkeren de heropname van choline
I: glaucoom, neutralisatie van non-depolariserende spierverslappers ,
post-operatieve blaas atonie
myasthenia gravis: AL tegen nicotinereceptoren van NM-eindplaat
waardoor er minder acetylcholine kan binden
intoxicatie met organofosfaten (parathion)
organosfosfaten: irriversibele inhibitie van acetylcholinesterase
—> bradycardie, spierzwakte, moeite met ademen, centrale depressie
niet doorheen BHB
behandelen met:
atropine (muscarine antagonist)
pralidoxime
cholinesterase inhibitoren voor Ziekte van Alzheimer
donepezil
rivastigmine
centrale stimulatie van deficiënte cholinerge transmissie
gaat wel doorheen BHB, centrale + perifere effecten
E: verbetering van cognitieve functies in patiënten met milde
symptomen
noradrenerge transmissie
belangrijkste catecholamines
noradrenaline: neurotransmitter van sympatische zenuw uiteinden
adrenaline: hormoon gesecreteerd door chromafiene cellen in
bijnier
dopamine: voorloper van noradrenaline + NT in czs
isoprenaline: derivaat van noradrenaline
effecten van activatie receptoren
specialised pharmacology 4
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