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Exam (elaborations)

NURS 549 Drexel Cardiovascular Test With Complete Solution

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NURS 549 Drexel Cardiovascular Test With Complete Solution...

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  • August 31, 2024
  • 11
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NURS 549
  • NURS 549
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NURS 549 Drexel Cardiovascular Test
With Complete Solution


Diuretics - ANSWER Ion transport inhibitors that impact reabsorption of
electrolytes. The movement of H2O is incidental by an osmotic gradient

Types of Diuretics - ANSWER 1. Loop- most efficacious, work outside of the
lumen

2. Thiazide- only one with active site on the luminal surface, needs decent
renal perfusion (GFR> 30)

3. Potassium sparing- important for electrolyte manipulation. Only available
PO

Side Effects - ANSWER 1. Dry mouth

2. Electrolyte imbalance

3. Thiazides have unintended effect of excretion if other solutes *potentiate
uric acid retention!

Beta Adrenergic Blockers - ANSWER Relieve workload by preventing
sympathetic stimulation of beta 1 receptors in the heart. Also prevent renin
release and water retention in the kidneys.

**Some BB are not beta 1 specific or lose specificity in high doses! Blockade
of beta 2 receptors in the lung can be a problem in patients with reactive
airway disease

Beta 1 Selective Drugs - ANSWER 1. Atenolol (Tenormin)

, 2. Penbutolol (Levarol)

3. Acebutolol (Sectral)

4. Metoprolol (Lopressor)

5. Esmolol (Brevibloc)

Beta 1 and Beta 2 - ANSWER 1. Propranolol (Inderal)

2. Nadolol (Corgard)

3. Pindolol (Visken)

4. Carvedilol (Coreg)

5. Labetolol (Trandate)

Nebivolol (Bystolic) - ANSWER The most cardioselective BB that also
increases nitric oxide release. ONLY indication is for hypertension

BB Side Effects - ANSWER 1. Bradycardia

2. Hypotension

3. CHF - can worsen cases of profound HF

4. B2 receptor inhibition:

-Bronchospasm

-inability to launch sympathetic response

-Fatigue, weakness

-inability to ejaculate

-CNS depression (may be used for anxiety)

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