Child Growth & Development Exam
Questions with Complete Solutions
Growth - Answer-specific body changes and increases in the child's size, such as a
child's height, weight, head circumference, and body mass index. These size changes
can usually be easily measured.
Development - Answer-an increase in complexity, a change from relatively simple to
more complicated
True or False? Growth proceeds from the center of the body outward. - Answer-True
True or False? At birth, the brain, heart, and spinal cord are fully functioning. - Answer-
True
True or False? The finger and toe muscles develop before the arm and leg muscles. -
Answer-False, the arm and leg muscles develop, followed by the finger and toe
muscles.
True or False? Children differ in their growth - Answer-True
True or False? Children grow at perfectly steady rates - Answer-False, children do not
grow at perfectly steady rates throughout childhood
5 basic principles of child growth and development - Answer-Developmental Sequence
is Similar for All
Development Proceeds from General to Specific
Development is Continuous
Development Proceeds at Different Rates
All Areas of Development are Interrelated
Developmental Sequence is Similar for All - Answer-Children develop in relatively the
same ways
Development Proceeds from General to Specific - Answer-Development progresses
from a beginning point moving in a forward direction
Development is Continuous - Answer-Behaviors and skills already acquired become the
basis for new behaviors and skills
Development Proceeds at Different Rates - Answer-Each child is different and the rates
at which individual children develop are different
, All Areas of Development are Interrelated - Answer-The body has to grow and develop
before
new behaviors and skills can occur
Explain at least one implication of a development principle as it relates to children's
learning. - Answer-All of your interactions with a child have an effect on the child's
development and learning, which means it is important to be aware of what the child is
learning while in your care.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Answer-Top To Bottom:
Self-Actualization (Fulfill one's life with purpose and meaning, Being all that one is able
to be)
Esteem Needs (Adequacy, Confidence, Importance)
Social (Belonging, Love and Attention, Acceptance)
Comfort and Safety (safety, security, stability)
Physical (food, water, shelter)
Erik Erikson's conflicts that relate to children aged birth to school-age - Answer-0-1
Mistrust vs. Trust
1-3 Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
4-5 Initiative vs. Guilt
6-12 Industry vs. Inferiority
Piaget's stages - Answer-Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete-Operational
Formal Operations
Sensorimotor - Answer-0-2
Children learn through sensory perception and motor activity.
Preoperational - Answer-2-7
thinking is based on how things are perceived rather than logic
Children begin to use symbols
Concrete-Operational - Answer-7-11
Children become more rational in their thinking
Formal Operations - Answer-11+
Thinking becomes abstract
Vygotsky's learning theory: scaffolding - Answer-the adult provides children with the
opportunities to extend their current skills and
knowledge
Questions with Complete Solutions
Growth - Answer-specific body changes and increases in the child's size, such as a
child's height, weight, head circumference, and body mass index. These size changes
can usually be easily measured.
Development - Answer-an increase in complexity, a change from relatively simple to
more complicated
True or False? Growth proceeds from the center of the body outward. - Answer-True
True or False? At birth, the brain, heart, and spinal cord are fully functioning. - Answer-
True
True or False? The finger and toe muscles develop before the arm and leg muscles. -
Answer-False, the arm and leg muscles develop, followed by the finger and toe
muscles.
True or False? Children differ in their growth - Answer-True
True or False? Children grow at perfectly steady rates - Answer-False, children do not
grow at perfectly steady rates throughout childhood
5 basic principles of child growth and development - Answer-Developmental Sequence
is Similar for All
Development Proceeds from General to Specific
Development is Continuous
Development Proceeds at Different Rates
All Areas of Development are Interrelated
Developmental Sequence is Similar for All - Answer-Children develop in relatively the
same ways
Development Proceeds from General to Specific - Answer-Development progresses
from a beginning point moving in a forward direction
Development is Continuous - Answer-Behaviors and skills already acquired become the
basis for new behaviors and skills
Development Proceeds at Different Rates - Answer-Each child is different and the rates
at which individual children develop are different
, All Areas of Development are Interrelated - Answer-The body has to grow and develop
before
new behaviors and skills can occur
Explain at least one implication of a development principle as it relates to children's
learning. - Answer-All of your interactions with a child have an effect on the child's
development and learning, which means it is important to be aware of what the child is
learning while in your care.
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - Answer-Top To Bottom:
Self-Actualization (Fulfill one's life with purpose and meaning, Being all that one is able
to be)
Esteem Needs (Adequacy, Confidence, Importance)
Social (Belonging, Love and Attention, Acceptance)
Comfort and Safety (safety, security, stability)
Physical (food, water, shelter)
Erik Erikson's conflicts that relate to children aged birth to school-age - Answer-0-1
Mistrust vs. Trust
1-3 Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
4-5 Initiative vs. Guilt
6-12 Industry vs. Inferiority
Piaget's stages - Answer-Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete-Operational
Formal Operations
Sensorimotor - Answer-0-2
Children learn through sensory perception and motor activity.
Preoperational - Answer-2-7
thinking is based on how things are perceived rather than logic
Children begin to use symbols
Concrete-Operational - Answer-7-11
Children become more rational in their thinking
Formal Operations - Answer-11+
Thinking becomes abstract
Vygotsky's learning theory: scaffolding - Answer-the adult provides children with the
opportunities to extend their current skills and
knowledge
