NUR2402 Healthy Ageing Exam
Latest Update
What are some Age related changes with vision? - Answer - Increased sensitivity to
glare
- Difficult seeing clearly with bright lights (driving)
Interventions include - wearing glasses, address environmental conditions (use non
glare lighting), referral to ophthalmologist.
What are functional consequences? - Answer Observable effects of actions, risk factors
and age-related changes that influence the quality of life or day-to-day activities. Effects
relate to all levels of functioning inc. body, mind and spirit.
What are negative functional consequences? - Answer side effects to medications
become the negative. E.g administer pain relief which causes constipation
What are positive functional consequences? - Answer facilitate the highest level of
functioning, least dependency and the best quality of life. Result of automatic actions or
purposeful interventions.
What are age related changes? - Answer - inevitable, progressive and irreversible
changes.
What are risk factors? - Answer conditions that increase the vulnerability to negative
functional consequences. Common sources inc. diseases, environment, lifestyle,
support systems.
Define older adult - Answer complex and unique individual whose functioning and
wellbeing are being influenced by the acquisition of age-related changes and risk
factors.
Define health - Answer ability to function at the highest capacity despite the presence of
age related changes and risk factors.
What are two functional assessments? - Answer - 12 activities of daily living
- Instrumental ADLs
What are the 12 activities of daily living? - Answer - Maintaining a safe enviro
- Communication
- Breathing
,- Eating and drinking
- Eliminating
- Personal cleansing and dressing
- Controlling body temp
- Mobilising
- Expressing sexuality
- Working and playing
- Sleeping and dying
What are the instrumental ADLs? - Answer - Ability to use phone.
- Laundry
- Shopping
- Food prep
- Mode of transport
- Medication responsibility
- House keeping
- Ability to manage finances.
Define healthy ageing - Answer the process of developing and maintaining the functional
ability that enables wellbeing in older age.
What are the non-modifiable risk factors for healthy ageing? - Answer - Age
- Sex
- Genetic make up.
What are the modifiable risk factors for healthy ageing? - Answer - Smoking
- Inactivity
- Obesity
Define health literacy - Answer the level to which system sin the environment enable
individuals to obtain understanding, evaluate the information required and be able to
make relevant heath choices.
How do you promote health literacy in older adults? - Answer - Universal precaution to
supply written and verbal communication.
,- Provide clear, correct and evidence-based information.
- Adjust communication style to the older persons needs.
- Encourage to ask questions.
- Confirm information has been delivered and received effectively.
Define health promotion - Answer enables people to increase control over their own
health and its determinants to improve health outcomes.
What are the Ottawa Charter principles? - Answer - Building healthy public policy
- Creating supportive environments
- Strengthening community action
- Developing person skills
- Reorienting health services towards health promotion
List some health promotion initiatives - Answer - Screening programs
- Risk reduction interventions
- Environmental modifications
- Health education
- Integrated person-centred framework
Define health education - Answer - A component of health promotion which requires an
understanding of a persons health literacy. Older people are empowered to work
towards achieving wellness outcomes of safety, improved functioning and quality of life
What is the transtheoretical model? - Answer provides a framework that integrates
change enabling factors from a range of theories.
What are the 6 stages of the transtheoretical model? - Answer - Precontemplation - not
yet ready to make a change, lack of awareness or denial
- Contemplation - problem awareness, considering impact of making change
- Preparation - planning, steps taken toward change
- Action - making the change
- Maintenance - converting change into routine habit, relapse minimisation
- Termination - no relapse or termination
How to understand Millers wellness functional theory - Answer 1 - Nursing assessment -
, understand age related changes that affect the health of the adult ( Decreased
psychological function) and risk factors (condition, stressors, lack of info). Then think
about the negative functional consequences (increased vulnerability to RF, decreased
health, function and quality of life)
2- Once negative consequences are pin pointed, you can then put nursing interventions
in place to address risk factors
3 - Once interventions are put in place you can then achieve positive functional
outcomes.
What are chronic conditions? - Answer refers to a wide range of health conditions,
illnesses, and disease. They are ongoing, long term or reoccurring and can have
significant impact on peoples lives.
What are some chronic conditions statistics? - Answer Globally - chronic conditions are
responsible for around 70% of deaths worldwide. More than 11 million Australians live
with 1 or more CC (87% of people >65yrs).
Risk factors for chronic conditions - Answer - Physiological changes that lead to frailty -
these include sarcopenia. Leads to functional limitations and decline of strength of
immune system.
Define sarcopenia - Answer progressive and generalised loss of skeletal muscle mass
and strength.
How can you prevent chronic conditions? - Answer - Regular exercise
- Quit smoking.
- Limit alcohol consumption
- Participate in learning activities.
- Community integration
What is the chronic care model (CCM)? - Answer is an organisational approach to caring
for people with chronic disease in a primary care setting.
What are the two models of care? - Answer Consumer directed care - is a model of care
where the consumer has direct control over their care and services (e.g NDIS).
Nursing model - Promotes wellness in older adults using FCT (considers client
holistically).
What impact does chronic conditions have on the carer? - Answer - Depression
- Stress
- Negative health consequences
Latest Update
What are some Age related changes with vision? - Answer - Increased sensitivity to
glare
- Difficult seeing clearly with bright lights (driving)
Interventions include - wearing glasses, address environmental conditions (use non
glare lighting), referral to ophthalmologist.
What are functional consequences? - Answer Observable effects of actions, risk factors
and age-related changes that influence the quality of life or day-to-day activities. Effects
relate to all levels of functioning inc. body, mind and spirit.
What are negative functional consequences? - Answer side effects to medications
become the negative. E.g administer pain relief which causes constipation
What are positive functional consequences? - Answer facilitate the highest level of
functioning, least dependency and the best quality of life. Result of automatic actions or
purposeful interventions.
What are age related changes? - Answer - inevitable, progressive and irreversible
changes.
What are risk factors? - Answer conditions that increase the vulnerability to negative
functional consequences. Common sources inc. diseases, environment, lifestyle,
support systems.
Define older adult - Answer complex and unique individual whose functioning and
wellbeing are being influenced by the acquisition of age-related changes and risk
factors.
Define health - Answer ability to function at the highest capacity despite the presence of
age related changes and risk factors.
What are two functional assessments? - Answer - 12 activities of daily living
- Instrumental ADLs
What are the 12 activities of daily living? - Answer - Maintaining a safe enviro
- Communication
- Breathing
,- Eating and drinking
- Eliminating
- Personal cleansing and dressing
- Controlling body temp
- Mobilising
- Expressing sexuality
- Working and playing
- Sleeping and dying
What are the instrumental ADLs? - Answer - Ability to use phone.
- Laundry
- Shopping
- Food prep
- Mode of transport
- Medication responsibility
- House keeping
- Ability to manage finances.
Define healthy ageing - Answer the process of developing and maintaining the functional
ability that enables wellbeing in older age.
What are the non-modifiable risk factors for healthy ageing? - Answer - Age
- Sex
- Genetic make up.
What are the modifiable risk factors for healthy ageing? - Answer - Smoking
- Inactivity
- Obesity
Define health literacy - Answer the level to which system sin the environment enable
individuals to obtain understanding, evaluate the information required and be able to
make relevant heath choices.
How do you promote health literacy in older adults? - Answer - Universal precaution to
supply written and verbal communication.
,- Provide clear, correct and evidence-based information.
- Adjust communication style to the older persons needs.
- Encourage to ask questions.
- Confirm information has been delivered and received effectively.
Define health promotion - Answer enables people to increase control over their own
health and its determinants to improve health outcomes.
What are the Ottawa Charter principles? - Answer - Building healthy public policy
- Creating supportive environments
- Strengthening community action
- Developing person skills
- Reorienting health services towards health promotion
List some health promotion initiatives - Answer - Screening programs
- Risk reduction interventions
- Environmental modifications
- Health education
- Integrated person-centred framework
Define health education - Answer - A component of health promotion which requires an
understanding of a persons health literacy. Older people are empowered to work
towards achieving wellness outcomes of safety, improved functioning and quality of life
What is the transtheoretical model? - Answer provides a framework that integrates
change enabling factors from a range of theories.
What are the 6 stages of the transtheoretical model? - Answer - Precontemplation - not
yet ready to make a change, lack of awareness or denial
- Contemplation - problem awareness, considering impact of making change
- Preparation - planning, steps taken toward change
- Action - making the change
- Maintenance - converting change into routine habit, relapse minimisation
- Termination - no relapse or termination
How to understand Millers wellness functional theory - Answer 1 - Nursing assessment -
, understand age related changes that affect the health of the adult ( Decreased
psychological function) and risk factors (condition, stressors, lack of info). Then think
about the negative functional consequences (increased vulnerability to RF, decreased
health, function and quality of life)
2- Once negative consequences are pin pointed, you can then put nursing interventions
in place to address risk factors
3 - Once interventions are put in place you can then achieve positive functional
outcomes.
What are chronic conditions? - Answer refers to a wide range of health conditions,
illnesses, and disease. They are ongoing, long term or reoccurring and can have
significant impact on peoples lives.
What are some chronic conditions statistics? - Answer Globally - chronic conditions are
responsible for around 70% of deaths worldwide. More than 11 million Australians live
with 1 or more CC (87% of people >65yrs).
Risk factors for chronic conditions - Answer - Physiological changes that lead to frailty -
these include sarcopenia. Leads to functional limitations and decline of strength of
immune system.
Define sarcopenia - Answer progressive and generalised loss of skeletal muscle mass
and strength.
How can you prevent chronic conditions? - Answer - Regular exercise
- Quit smoking.
- Limit alcohol consumption
- Participate in learning activities.
- Community integration
What is the chronic care model (CCM)? - Answer is an organisational approach to caring
for people with chronic disease in a primary care setting.
What are the two models of care? - Answer Consumer directed care - is a model of care
where the consumer has direct control over their care and services (e.g NDIS).
Nursing model - Promotes wellness in older adults using FCT (considers client
holistically).
What impact does chronic conditions have on the carer? - Answer - Depression
- Stress
- Negative health consequences
