Nurs 251 module 1 Exam Questions and
Complete Solutions Graded A+
Therapeutic effect - Answer: desired drug effect to alleviate some condition or symptom.
Side effects - Answer: drug effect other than the therapeutic effect that are usually undesirable but not
harmful.
Adverse effect - Answer: general term for undesirable and potentially harmful drug effects
Toxic effects - Answer: undesirable drug effects that implies the drug is poisoning the body and can be
harmful or even life-threatening
mechanism of action - Answer: how a drug produces its effects
site of action - Answer: the location within the body where a drug exerts its therapeutic effect
Receptors - Answer: specific cellular structures that a drug binds to in order to produce a physiologic
effect
agonist - Answer: activate a physiologic response or drug effect
antagonist - Answer: interfere with other drugs or substances from producing a drug-effect.
dose-dependent relationship - Answer: response to any drug depends on the amount of drug given.
dose - Answer: exact amount of drug that is given
onset of action - Answer: time from the drug administration to the first observable effect
, duration of action - Answer: length of time that the drug continues to produce its effect
therapeutic range - Answer: when the drug concentration is above the minimum effective
concentration and below the maximum tolerate concentration
Routes of administration - Answer: how the drug is introduced to the body
Oral administration - Answer: drug administration by way of the mouth through swallowing
Parenteral administration - Answer: drug administration that does not involve the GI tract.
Pharmaceutics - Answer: study of how various dosage forms influence the way in which the drug affects
the body.
Pharmacokinetics - Answer: study of what the body does to the drug, including absorption, distribution,
metabolism, and excretion
Pharmacodynamics - Answer: study of what the drug does to the body
Pharmaceutics 2 - Answer: manipulating a chemical compound into something that can be administered
to (or taken by) a patient as well as reach the targeted site of action in the body in order to exert its
effect
Absorption - Answer: movement of a drug from its site of administration into the bloodstream ready to
be distributed throughout the body
Bioavailability - Answer: measure of the extent of drug absorption for a given drug and route (from 0%-
100%
enteral administration - Answer: meaning the drug is absorbed through the GI tract, the drug is
absorbed into circulation via the stomach and/or intestines
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