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LOCAL ANESTHESIA FINAL EXAM REVIEW fully solved & updated (verified for accuracy)
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  • Local Anesthesia
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  • Local Anesthesia

How do local anesthetics block the nerve impulse from reaching the brain? By permanently depolarizing the nerve cell membrane By overwhelming influx of fluoride ions By blocking sodium channels, thereby preventing nerve cell depolarization and impulse propagation By causing massive neurotrans...

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  • September 1, 2024
  • 79
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • local anesthesia final exam

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  • Local Anesthesia
  • Local Anesthesia

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LOCAL ANESTHESIA
FINAL EXAM REVIEW
fully solved & updated
(verified for accuracy)
How do local anesthetics block the nerve impulse
from reaching the brain?


By permanently depolarizing the nerve cell
membrane
By overwhelming influx of fluoride ions
By blocking sodium channels, thereby preventing
nerve cell depolarization and impulse propagation
By causing massive neurotransmitter release
without uptake. - answer By blocking sodium
channels, thereby preventing nerve cell
depolarization and impulse propagation


How do local anesthetics stop working?


By diffusion of the local anesthetic molecules out
of the neuron

,By metabolism of the local anesthetic itself in the
liver


By reactivation of the chloride channels in the
neuronal cell nucleus


By enzymatic breakdown of the local anesthetic
within the neuron itself - answer By diffusion of the
local anesthetic molecules out of the neuron


In a sensory neuron, dendrites:


Conduct impulses away from the cell body.
Support metabolism of the neuron
Respond to stimulation produced in the tissues in
which they lie
Direct ion movement - answer Respond to
stimulation produced in the tissues in which they
lie


Why do local anesthetics not work well in infected
tissues?

,The lower the pH of infected tissue reduces the
number of available un-ionized local anesthetic
molecules to diffuse across the nerve cell
membrane


Pus in infected tissue chemically breaks down the
local anesthetic molecules


The highly basic environment of inflamed tissue
reduces the number of cationic molecules
necessary for the anesthetic to be actively
transported across the neuronal cell membrane


Leukocytes present in inflamed tissue physically
block sodium channels in the neuronal cell
membrane - answer The lower the pH of infected
tissue reduces the number of available un-ionized
local anesthetic molecules to diffuse across the
nerve cell membrane


Which statement is NOT true?


Myelinated nerves require a greater concentration
of anesthesia to be blocked than nonmyelinated
nerves.
Myelinated nerves require less time to be blocked
than nonmyelinated nerves.

, Smaller nerve fibers are the first to regain
sensation.
Smaller nerve fibers are blocked before larger
ones. - answer Myelinated nerves require less time
to be blocked than nonmyelinated nerves.


Saltatory conduction refers to


The diffusion of sodium chloride into the nerve cell
during impulse conduction


The transmission of nerve impulses along a
myelinated nerve fiber


The transmission of nerve impulses along a
nonmyelinated nerve fiber


The rapid sequence of changes in the membrane
potential - answer The transmission of nerve
impulses along a myelinated nerve fiber


Lower pKa indicates higher pH and means that
there are more bases available to cross over the
nerve membrane and more cations available to
bond to receptor sites.
True

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