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CMSRN Exam with correct Answers
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CMSRN Exam with correct Answers
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CMSRN Exam with correct AnswersADH (Antidiuretic Hormone) - Answer --Secreted by the pituitary gland
-Promotes reabsorption of water back into the blood
-Creates small amounts of dilute urine
-Released when osmolarity is high and when there is low ECF
-"Tap water hormone"
Aldosterone - Answer --Secreted by the adrenal cortex
-Promotes reabsorption of sodium and water back into the blood
-Creates a small volume of urine with a low concentration
-Released when angiotensin is released and when there is high osmolarity
-"Salt water hormone"
Isotonic Fluids - Answer --Normal saline (NaCl), Ringer's (NaClK+Ca++), and Ringer's
lactate (NaClK+Ca++ and Lactate)
-Extracellular only (1/3 vascular, 2/3 interstitial)
-Used in emergencies to improve profusion and oxygenation
Hypertonic Fluids - Answer -Hypertonic Fluids
Signs and Symptoms of Hypernatremia - Answer --Thirst
-Olgiuria
-Confusion, lethargy
-Seizures
-Coma
-High serum level
Signs and Symptoms of Hyponatremia - Answer --Malaise
-N/V
-Confusion, lethargy
-Seizures
-Coma
-Low serum levels
PTH - Answer --Increases levels of calcium in the blood by releasing calcium from
bones, promoting reabsorption via kidneys and increasing absorption from the small
intestine
-Released when serum calcium levels are decreased
, Signs and Symptoms of Hypocalcemia - Answer --Positive Chvostek/Trousseau sign
-Muscle twitching/cramping
*Grimacing
*Carpopedal spasm
-Tetany
*Laryngospasm
*Seizures
-Cardiac dysrhythmias
-Twitchy disorder
Signs and Symptoms of Hypercalcemia - Answer -*Anorexia
-Constipation
-N/V
*Muscle weakness
-Fatigue
-Confusion/lethargy
*Personality/mood changes
-Polyuria
*Diminished reflexes
*Decreased LOC
-Cardiac dysrhythmias
-Floppy disorder
Signs and Symptoms of Hyperkalemia - Answer --Intestinal cramping and diarrhea
-Flaccid skeletals muscles
-Flaccid paralysis
-Cardiac dysrhythmias
-Cardiac arrest
Signs and Symptoms of Hypokalemia - Answer -*Abdominal distention
*Decreased bowel sounds
-Constipation
*Paralytic ileus
-Polyuria
-Orthostatic hypotension
*Flaccid skeletal muscles
-Flaccid paralysis
-Cardiam dysrhythmias
Signs and Symptoms of Hypermagnesemia - Answer --Hypotension
-Feeling of warmth
-Bradycardia
-Drowsiness, lethargy
-Wear or absent deep tendon reflexes
-Flaccid muscle paralysis
-Respiratory depression
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