Context Answer: Everythin sender and reciver bring to the table- culturally specific linguistic
context: determined by setting
Unconscious affects Answer: The bodily sensation and reservoir of memories & energies that drive
our communication process (movement emotions)
Cognitive thoughts Answer: The linguistic articulation of our unconscious feelings as well as our
interpretations of external stimuli
The message Answer: Can be understood as an organized complex of behaviors that both represent
a senders thoughts and express his feelings during an interaction
Encoding Answer: The process whereby the sender translates their intended sage into language
usually with an eye to intelligibility (passive aggressive room mate)
Decoding Answer: The process whereby the receiver processes the message. This process usually
involves differing levels of interpretation and critical engagement
Feedback Answer: The audiences intentional and unintentional responses to the message - causes
response and possible motive of internal message
Medium Answer: The means through which the message is transmitted and the specific context of
the message -- it enables & constrains the form of message
, The rhetorical situation Answer: rhetoric is situational and is used to persuade the audience. You
can be good at rhetoric even if people don't changed their mind
Rhetorical situation Answer: It is based around empirically verifiable imperfections marked by
urgency -- these imperfection(exigence) must be able to be modified through discourage-- the exigence
called the speech into existence the speaker is compelled to say something
The audience Answer: Each exigence comes with 1 or more audiences-the audience is those on the
level with power
Constraining factors Answer: The limits on the possible range of choices available to the speaker-
these include beliefs documents rules Norms
Enabling factors Answer: Resources that the speaker has at their disposal in overcoming the
constraints & encouraging the audience to change----includes the speakers reputation, ethos
Doxa Answer: Common belief or popular opinion--target of persuasion respond to common opinion
Audience culture Answer: The QUALITATIVE & psychological characteristics of an audience--usually
have to do with life experience
Demographics Answer: The QUANTITATIVE categories that characterizes the audience
Ex: sex race economic class
Qualitative analysis Answer: Interviews focus groups informal discussion (things that are
unmeasurable)
Quantitative research Answer: Opinion survey, economic reports--good for understanding
demographics of large group--- lacks depth
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