NU545--Unit 6 Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
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NU545--Unit 6
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NU545--Unit 6
NU545--Unit 6 Exam Questions With Complete Solutions
Age-related osteoporosis - Answer-Begins in the 4th decade. Cause remains unclear. Known to decrease serum growth hormone (GH) and IGF levels along with increased binding of RANKL n decreased OPG affect osteoblast and osteoclast function.
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Age-related osteoporosis - Answer-Begins in the 4th decade. Cause remains unclear.
Known to decrease serum growth hormone (GH) and IGF levels along with increased
binding of RANKL n decreased OPG affect osteoblast and osteoclast function.
/.Ankylosing spondylitis - Answer-A chronic inflammatory joint disease characterized by
stiffening and fusion (ankylosis) of the spine and sacroiliac joints. Unknown cause but
associated with HLA-B27 (genetic predisposition?).
/.Articlular cartilage - Answer-A layer of hyaline cartilage that covers the end of each
bone.
/.Articular cartilage - Answer-Covers and pads the articulating bony surfaces.
/.Bowing fracture - Answer-Type of incomplete fracture that usually occur when
longitudinal force is applied to bone. Resists correction (reduction) because the force
necessary to reduce it must be equal to the force that bowed it.
/.Bursa - Answer-Small sacs lined with synovial membrane and filled with synovial fluid.
Located b/w the tendons, muscles, and bony prominences. Primary function is to
separate, lubricate, and cushion these structures.
/.Communited fracture - Answer-A fracture in which the bone breaks into more than 2
fragments.
/.Compact bone (cortical bone) - Answer-Makes up approx. 85% of the skeleton;
present in every bone; highly organized, solid, and extremely strong--basic structural
unit is Haversian system.
/.Complete fracture - Answer-The bone is broken all the way through. Can be simple
(closed) or compound (open).
/.Connective Tissue Diseases in Children - Answer-Rheumatoid arthritis--Systemic
lupus erythematosus--Dermatomyositis--Scleroderma--Polyarteritis.
, /.Contraction - Answer-Begins as the calcium ions combine with troponin, a reaction that
overcomes the inhibitory function of the troponin-tropomyosin system. The thin filament
actin then slides toward the thick filament, myosin.
/.Coupling phase - Answer-The 2nd stage; follows the depolarization of the transverse
tubules. This stage consists of the migration of calcium ions, which are stored in the
sarcoplasmic reticulum, to the myofilaments.
/.Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) - Answer-Formally known as congenital
dislocation of the hip; an abnormality in the development of the proximal femur,
acetabulum, or both. Most often present at birth but it may occur at any time in the
newborn or infant period.
/.Diaphysis - Answer-Narrow tubular midportion of a long bone.
/.Diarthrosis - Answer-Freely movable joint.
/.Duchenne muscular dystrophy - Answer-a type of disorder that causes degeneration of
skeletal muscle fibers. The most common of the muscular dystrophies; Described by
Duchenne as a pseudohypertrophic muscular paralysis associated with large amounts
of fat and connective tissue. Classic Duchenne MD occurs in boys only and has a
history of x-linked inheritance in half of the cases.
/.Endogenous osteomyelitis - Answer-(Hematogenous) caused by pathogens carried in
the blood from sites of infection elsewhere in the body; the infection spreads from bone
to adjacent soft tissues.
/.Endosteum - Answer-Lines the outer surfaces of both types of marrow cavity.
/.Enthesis - Answer-The point at which ligaments, tendons, and the joint capsule are
inserted into bone).
/.Epiphysis - Answer-The broad end of a long bone.
/.Ewing sarcoma - Answer-A malignant round cell tumor of bone or soft tissue that has a
poor prognosis. 2ND most common. Most lethal malignant bone tumor that can occur
during childhood. Most common period of diagnosis: b/w ages 5 and 15. More common
in males
/.Excitation phase - Answer-The 1st step; begins with the spread of an action potential
from the nerve terminal to the neuromuscular junction.
/.Exogenous osteomyelitis - Answer-An infection that enters from outside the body
(through open fractures, penetrating wounds, or surgical procedures); infection spreads
from soft tissues into adjacent bone.
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