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CMN 568 - Unit 4 Test with Verified Answers |Latest 2024/2025
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CMN 568 - Unit 4 Test with Verified Answers |Latest 2024/2025
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CMN 568 - Unit 4 Test with Verified Answers._`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`-
What kinds of medications should NOT be used for relief of constipation in
_`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`-
patients with a confirmed or suspected obstruction?
_`- _`- Do NOT give:
_`- _`- _`- _`- _`-_`- _`- _`- _`-
+ Bulk-forming agents
_`- _`-
+ Stimulant laxatives
_`- _`-
+ Intestinal secretagogues (e.g. lubiprostone)
_`- _`- _`- _`-
+ Surfactants
_`-
+ Methylnaltrexone
_`-
Use osmotic laxatives with CAUTION.
_`- _`- _`- _`-
(Shimp Table 12-4) _`- _`-
Which infectious bacterial diarrheas can be treated with antimicrobials?
_`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`-_`- _`-
Shigellosis
Cholera
Extraintestinal salmonellosis _`-
Listeriosis
C. difficile
_`-
(McPHee p 599) _`- _`-
,When should you refer patients with constipation?
_`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`-_`- _`- 1) Pts with
_`- _`- _`-
refractory constipation for anorectal testing
_`- _`- _`- _`-
2) Pts with defecatory disorders who may benefit from biofeedback
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3) Pts with alarm symptoms OR who are over age 50 for colonoscopy
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4) Pts with severe colonic inertia may need surgical referral
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(McPhee p 595) _`- _`-
Acute onset of severe pain and vomiting suggests what?
_`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`-_`- _`- + Peritoneal
_`- _`-
irritation
+ Acute gastric or intestinal obstruction
_`- _`- _`- _`- _`-
+ Pancreaticobiliary disease
_`- _`-
(McPhee p 588) _`- _`-
At what age do IBS sx typically present?
_`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`-_`- _`- Late teens early 20s
_`- _`- _`-
Persistent vomiting suggests what?
_`- _`- _`- _`-_`- + Pregnancy
_`- _`-
+ Gastric outlet obstruction
_`- _`- _`-
+ Gastroparesis
_`-
+ Intestinal dysmotility
_`- _`-
+ Psychogenic disorders
_`- _`-
+ CNS or systemic disorders
_`- _`- _`- _`-
_`-
(McPhee p 589) _`- _`-
,Vomiting in the morning suggests what?
_`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`-_`- _`- + Pregnancy
_`-
+ Uremia
_`-
+ ETOH intake
_`- _`-
+ ↑ ICP
_`- _`-
Vomiting after meals suggests what?
_`- _`- _`- _`- _`-_`- _`- + Bulimia
_`-
+ Peptic ulcer disease
_`- _`- _`-
+ Other psychogenic causes
_`- _`- _`-
(McPhee p 589, Shimp p 373)_`- _`- _`- _`- _`-
Vomiting of undigested food 1-2 hours after a meal suggests what?
_`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`-_`- _`- +
_`-
Gastroparesis
+ Small bowel obstruction
_`- _`- _`-
+ Gastric outlet obstruction
_`- _`- _`- _`-
NOTE: Sucussion splash often heard on auscultation
_`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`-
(McPhee p 589, Shimp p 373)_`- _`- _`- _`- _`-
4 causes of nausea and vomiting
_`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`-_`- _`- 1) Visceral afferent stimulation
_`- _`- _`- _`-
(seratonin receptors) _`-
2) Vestibular disorders (fibers ↑ in histamine and muscarinic receptors)
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3) CNS disorders
_`- _`- _`-
, 4) Irritation of chemoreceptor trigger zone
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(McPhee Table 15.1) _`- _`-
Ways to stimulate the chemoreceptor trigger zone and cause vomiting
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1) Chemo
_`-
2) Medications and drugs
_`- _`- _`-
3) Radiation therapy
_`- _`-
4) Systemic disorders
_`- _`-
CNS disorders that can cause vomiting
_`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`-_`- _`- 1) Migraine
_`-
2) ↑ ICP
_`- _`-
3) Infections (e.g. meningitis, encephalitis)
_`- _`- _`- _`-
4) Psychogenic
_`-
Vestibular disorders that can cause vomiting
_`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`-_`- _`- Labyrinthitis, Meniere _`- _`-
syndrome, motion sickness _`- _`-
Define RETCHING _`- _`-_`- _`- Strong, spasmodic, involuntary effort to vomit without
_`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`-
bringing up emesis. _`- _`-
(McPhee and Shimp) _`- _`-
Define REGURGITATION_`- Effortless return of gas or small amounts of _`-_`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`- _`-
food from stomach (McPhee and Shimp)
_`- _`- _`- _`- _`-
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