1. A client with a history of hypertension is admitted with symptoms of left-sided
heart failure. Which of the following symptoms would the nurse expect to assess in
this client?
A) Peripheral edema
B) Jugular vein distention
C) Crackles in the lungs
D) Weight loss
Answer: C) Crackles in the lungs
2. A patient is diagnosed with deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Which intervention
should be included in the nursing care plan to prevent further complications?
,A) Ambulating the patient frequently
B) Applying cold compresses to the affected leg
C) Encouraging fluids and administering anticoagulants
D) Elevating the legs above the level of the heart
Answer: C) Encouraging fluids and administering anticoagulants
3. Which electrolyte imbalance is most likely to occur in a patient with chronic kidney
disease?
A) Hypercalcemia
B) Hyperkalemia
C) Hypomagnesemia
D) Hypophosphatemia
Answer: B) Hyperkalemia
4. A nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Which of the following interventions is most appropriate to promote effective
breathing?
A) Place the client in a supine position
B) Encourage pursed-lip breathing
C) Restrict fluid intake
D) Administer cough suppressants
Answer: B) Encourage pursed-lip breathing
5. In caring for a patient who has undergone a thyroidectomy, the nurse should
prioritize which of the following?
A) Monitoring the patient for signs of hypocalcemia
B) Administering beta-blockers to manage hypertension
C) Encouraging a high-calorie diet to promote healing
D) Placing the patient in a high Fowler's position
Answer: A) Monitoring the patient for signs of hypocalcemia
,6. A client with liver cirrhosis is at risk for hepatic encephalopathy. Which diet should
the nurse recommend?
A) Low-protein diet
B) High-protein diet
C) Low-carbohydrate diet
D) High-fat diet
Answer: A) Low-protein diet
7. Which of the following is a priority nursing intervention for a patient experiencing
an acute myocardial infarction?
A) Administering a bronchodilator
B) Providing oxygen therapy
C) Encouraging ambulation
D) Restricting fluid intake
Answer: B) Providing oxygen therapy
8. A nurse is educating a client about insulin administration. Which statement by the
client indicates a need for further teaching?
A) "I will rotate injection sites to avoid tissue damage."
B) "I can reuse syringes as long as I recap them properly."
C) "I should monitor my blood sugar levels regularly."
D) "I will inject insulin at a 90-degree angle."
Answer: B) "I can reuse syringes as long as I recap them properly."
9. A patient is admitted with a suspected pulmonary embolism. Which diagnostic
test should the nurse anticipate being ordered first?
A) Electrocardiogram (ECG)
B) D-dimer test
C) Chest X-ray
D) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Answer: B) D-dimer test
, 10. The nurse is preparing a client for a colonoscopy. Which of the following
instructions should be provided to the client?
A) Avoid all solid foods for 24 hours before the procedure
B) Stop drinking clear liquids 12 hours before the procedure
C) Take laxatives 24 hours before the procedure as prescribed
D) Lie on your back during the procedure
Answer: C) Take laxatives 24 hours before the procedure as prescribed11. A nurse is
caring for a patient with acute pancreatitis. Which of the following laboratory
findings is most likely to be elevated?
A) Serum potassium
B) Serum lipase
C) Serum calcium
D) Serum albumin
Answer: B) Serum lipase
12. A patient with a history of chronic heart failure is being discharged. Which of the
following instructions should the nurse include in the discharge teaching?
A) Increase salt intake to maintain blood pressure
B) Monitor daily weight and report a gain of 2 pounds in 24 hours
C) Avoid all physical activity to conserve energy
D) Take a double dose of diuretics if you miss a dose
Answer: B) Monitor daily weight and report a gain of 2 pounds in 24 hours
13. A patient with a burn injury is receiving fluid resuscitation. Which parameter is
most important for the nurse to monitor to assess the effectiveness of fluid therapy?
A) Heart rate
B) Blood pressure
C) Urine output
D) Respiratory rate
Answer: C) Urine output
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