Mutant Prevention Concentration (MPC) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-The
concentration that kills the least susceptible single-step mutant
Kills them all so mutants cannot form
Generally, if we give this concentration to an animal, it will die
Bacteriostatic - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Stop bacteria from multiplying, will not
kill
MBC > MIC
Elimination requires host immune response, so need
immunocompetent patient
,Who/what are bacteriostatic drugs not good for? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
Sepsis
Neonates
Animal on glucocorticoids or cancer chemotherapy
Bactericidal - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Kills bacteria if concentrations reach
MBC for a certain period of time
MBC = or at MIC
Good for immunosuppressed and severely ill
Can a drug be both bactericidal and bacteriostatic? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
They can be, but not always
Are bactericidal antimicrobials always bactericidal? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-
No
Can be static at concentrations below MBC
Dose dependent, bacteria dependent
Must be multiplying for -cidal to work
Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Lowest
concentration of drug that inhibits visible bacterial growth
Ex: MIC90 = minimum concentration to inhibit 90% of bacteria
, Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Lowest
concentration of the drug that kills 99.9% of the bacteria
What is the post antibiotic effect (PAE)? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Persistent
drug effect after plasma concentrations decline below MIC/MBC
Varies with each drug and bacteria
Mechanisms of PAEs? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Decreased virulence of
bacteria
Abnormal cell walls or septum
Increased susceptibility of host defenses
Persistence at sites of infections
Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Interactions (PKPD) -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔-Predict success of antimicrobial therapies
Relate concentration of drug to MIC of pathogen
Vary by class or drug and with each pathogen
Guidelines for successful treatment
Time-dependent antibiotics - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔-T>MIC
Duration plasma concentration is above MIC over 24 hour period
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