Thursday, January 28, 2021
Nursing Education, Accreditation, and Regulation
- Introduction
• Focuses on 3 concerns in nursing profession:"
- Nursing education"
- Quality of nursing education"
- Regulatory issues, such as licensure "
• All dependent on each other and are always changing "
• Trig-council for nursing is an alliance of AACN, ANA, AONE, and ALN "
- Nursing Education
• Nurses need to understand the structure and process of the profession’s
education, education quality issues, and current issues and trends "
• Key concern for nurse educators : need to increase enrollment and completion
rates; need to reduce the number of qualified applicants who are not able to enroll
due to nursing programs not having a place for them "
- Generally the reason nursing programs turn away students is due to insufficient
clinical sites, lack of faculty, limited classroom space, insufficient preceptors,
and budget cuts "
- There has been improvement in the number of applicants to the various
program, in enrollment rates, and in diversity "
• A Brief History of Nursing History
- A key historical nursing leader was Florence Nightingale "
• Nursing training came to be called education.. f"
- Training focuses on fixed habits and skills; uses repetition, authority, and
coercion; and emphasizes dependency"
- Education focuses on self-discipline, responsibility, accountability, and self-
mastery "
- Before nightingale, apprenticeship was used to introduce new recruits to
nursing, often not done effectively "
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, Thursday, January 28, 2021
• 1860 made the first school of nursing "
- Students began working as staff"
- Schools varied significantly about lack of standardized quality of education "
• Had a lot of experience during Cremian war noticing people were dying from
infection"
• Major Nursing Reports: Improving Nursing Education
- Rockefeller Foundation addressed issue of diploma schools; report included key
points:"
• Hospitals controlled the total education hours, offering minimal content, and in
some cases, no content even when that content was needed"
• Inexperienced instructors with few teaching resources often taught science,
theory, and practice of nursing"
• Graduate nurses had limited experience and time to assist the students in
their learning supervised students"
• Classroom experiences frequently occurred after the students had worked
long hours, even during the night "
• Students typically were able to only get the experiences that their hospital
provided, with all clinical practice experiences located in one hospital; might
not get experiences in certain specialties "
- The Goldmark report had an impact resulting in key recommendations : "
• Separate universities from hospitals; only a minority"
• Change the control of hospital-based programs to school of nursing"
• Require a HS diploma for entry into any school of nursing "
- The Brown report was also critical"
• Implementation of an accreditation program for nursing schools, conducted
by NLN"
• Accreditation: reviewing what a school is doing and its curriculum based on
established standards"
• AACN developed a nursing education accreditation process "
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, Thursday, January 28, 2021
- The Educating Nurses: A call for radical transformation report"
• Addressed need to prepare nurses to practice in a rapidly changing healthcare
system in order to ensure quality care "
• Students should be engaged in the learning process; more connection
between class and clinical "
- Most recent report - the Future of Nursing : Loading Change, advancing health "
• Nurses should practice to the fullest extent possible "
• Opportunities to advance their education easily, act as full partners in
healthcare delivery, and be involved in policy making "
• A report published to see this report’s effects… needs more work "
• Entry into Practice: A Long Debate
- The number of diploma schools has decreased primarily due to the critical
debate over what type of education nurses need for entry into the practice; great
drive to move education into college and universities but the drive to keep
diploma schools was also great "
- Minimum practice should be associate "
• Two largest organizations at the time were focused on education NLN and
practice ANA "
- There has been many changes in the educational preparation of nurses:"
• Number of diploma schools have decreased but still exist"
• The number of associate degree programs has increased but there is still a
concern over the potential development of a two-level nursing system but this
has not changed"
• BSN programs continue to grow but still have not outpaced ADN programs,
though there has been some decrease in ADN "
• Differentiated Nursing Practice
- Differentiated practice: philosophy that structures the roles and functions of
nurses according to their education, experience, and competence, or matching
the varying needs of pts with the varying abilities of NPs"
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