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NSG 251 Final Exam Flashcards _ Test Questions With Correct Solutions..pdf
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9/2/24, 5:03 PMNSG 251 Final Exam
Jeremiah
Terms in this set (266)
Rank speed of absorption: Po, IM, IV Po slowest, then IM, IV fastest
Protein binding- Most drugs form a compound and bind with plasma proteins. Drug
molecules bound to plasma proteins are pharmacologically inactive. Only the free or
Describe drug distribution in relation to unbound portions of the drug acts on the cells. Protein binding allows for some of the
protein binding drug to be stored and others to be released as needed. This gives the constant blood
level and decreased risk for toxicity.
High binding=high duration of action.
a phenomenon of drug metabolism whereby the concentration of a drug is greatly
First pass effect reduced before it reaches the systemic circulation. It is the fraction of drug lost during
the process of absorption which is generally related to the liver and gut wall.
Does liver failure affect drug metabolism? Liver failure does affect metabolism of drugs
Drug excretion elimination of drug from the body by kidneys or bowel
What are the nurse's responsibilities for drug Right drug, dose, route, patient, time, documentation (response or refusal), reason
administration?
Prototype The "lead agent" in the drug class. Ex. metoprolol is prototype of beta-1 blockers
Federal Food and Drug Act accurate labeling
designated drugs that must be prescribed by a physician and administered by a
Durham-Humphrey Amendment
pharmacist
The comprehensive abuse and control act regulated narcotics and categorized
Orphan Drug Act decreased taxes and competition that affected drugs associated with rare diseases
Drug Approval FDA regulates the process by which drugs are researched and released to population.
Phase I-a few doses are given to healthy volunteers
Phase II-small doses are given to people with disease
Clinical trial phases Phase III-larger and more representative group of patients-- drug and placebo groups
Phase IV-allows drug to be marketed, company has to monitor and report adverse
effects
NSG 251 Final Exam
Gram positive antibiotics Penicillian, Cephalosporins
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, 9/2/24, 5:03 PM
Gram negative antibiotics Aminoglycosides
Broad spectrum antibiotics Cephalosporins, Carbapenems, Tetracyclines
Sulfonamide contraindications Patients with a sulfa allergy
Sulfonamides uses Inhibit bacteria; UTI, 2nd and 3rd degree burns
trimethprim/sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim),
Sulfonamide drugs
silver sulfadiazine (Silvadene) ointment
Sulfonamide adverse N/V/D, allergic reaction
Works on Gram+ bacteria; strep, pneumococcal pneumonia, endocarditis, meningitis,
Penicillin uses
prevent endocarditis
Penicillin adverse rash, anaphylaxis, neurotoxicity, GI symptoms
Penicillin nursing watch for Allergic reaction(rash), take on an Empty stomach
penicillin G
Amoxicillin
Penicillin drugs
Ampicillin
tazobactam (Zosyn)
Bactericidal(kills bacteria), Inhibit cell wall synthesis, Broad spectrum, Gram + /-
(depending on generation) 5 generations of drugs( as the go up in number they
Cephalosporin uses
become more Gram- effective)
--surgical prophylaxis- SCIP, UTI, PCN resistant gonorrhea
cross sensitivity w/ PCN, GI symptoms
Cephalosporin adverse
-->Take most w/ food
cefazolin (Kefzol) - IV, 1st generation,
cephalexin (Keflex) po
cefuroxime (Zinacef), 2nd generation
Cephalosporin drugs + uses for specific ones
ceftriaxone (Rocephin), 3rd generation- ghonorrhea use
cefepime (Maxipime) 4th generation
ceftaroline (Teflaro) 5th generation: used for MRSA and Gram (-) infections
Broad spectrum, bactericidal, Inhibit cell wall synthesis
Carbapenem uses
-- used in staph, E. coli (complicated body cavity/connective tissue infections)
Carbapenem adverse Drug induced seizures( in children, rare), related to PCN so check allergies
Carbapenem drug imipenem cilastatin (Primaxin), IV
Bacteriostatic, bactericidal in large doses, Inhibit protein synthesis
Macrolides uses
-- used in staph, strep, gonorrhea and chlamydia, URI
Macrolides adverse GI, N/V, GI bleed
erythromycin (E-mycin)
Macrolides drugs
azithromycin (Zithromax)
Broad spectrum, bacteriostatic, Gram +/- organisms
Tetracycline uses
-- Used for H pylori, chlamydia, PID, acne, syphilis
Tetracycline contra renal failure, no use children <8yrs, pregnancy
Tetracycline adverse Discoloration of permanent teeth, GI, rashes
doxycycline (Vibramycin)
Tetracycline drugs **increase resistance of this drug so decreased use
**related to PCN so watch for allergic reactions
Bactericidals, Inhibit protein synthesis
Aminoglycoside uses
NSG 251 Final Exam --used for serious gram neg. infections, preoperatively for GI/GU tract surgeries
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