Microbial Physiology
MASTER BIOSCIENCE ENGINEERING: CELLULAR AND GENETIC
KIRSTEN VAN GILS
, CHAPTER 1: REGULATORY SYSTEMS
TRANSCRIPTION/ TRANSLATION IN BACTERIA
1. Transcription
2. activity of RNA polymerase
3. Translation
4. Protein folding and quality control protein homeostasis
5. Transcriptional and translational fusions
REGULATION OF GENE EXPRESSION: SIMPLE AND COMPLEX SYSTEMS
1. transcriptional regulation
2. carbon and amino acid metabolism: examples of activation repression and attenuation
2.1. negatively inducible
2.2. Negatively repressible
2.3. Positively inducible
3. ‘Direct’ measurement of intracellular concentrations of metabolites and attenuation of transcription or translation
STRESS-RESPONSES: GLOBAL REGULATORY MECHANISMS
1. Carbon catabolite regulation IIII
2. Regulation of nitrogen assimilation
3. The heat shock regulon III
4. Survival under osmotic stress IIII
5. Survival during stationary phase II
6. Regulation of ribosome and tRNA synthesis: The stringent response IIII
7. Antibiotics: resistance, persistence and antibioticum tolerance II
8. pH homeostasis IIIII
9. Extra cytoplasmic stress III
10. Energy production: regulation of fermentation and respiration
a. Fermentation
b. Anaerobic respiration
c. Aerobic respiration
11. Aerobic metabolism is associated with oxygen stress IIII
12. Fe-regulation
13. Short regulatory RNAs (sRNAs)
14. Biofilms and cyclic-di-GMP
a. Biofilms
b. Cyclic-di-GMP
15. Planktonic growth and bacterial chemotaxis: complex integration of signals
a. Movement over a surface
b. Movement in a liquid
c. Sensing and signal transduction mechanism MCP and PTS-system
16. Quorum sensing: cell-cell communication through a diffusible signal molecule
17. Measuring bacterial physiological parameters by means of fluorescence
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