Bio-1050 Chapter 3 Review Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
BIO 1050
Institution
BIO 1050
4 functions of digestive system Ingestion, digestion, absorption and elimination
Digestion Processes of breaking down foods into absorb-able components
Ingestion The intake of nutrients
Absorption the movement of these small nutrient molecules across the cell membrane of cells lining the digesti...
Bio-1050 Chapter 3 Review Questions
and Correct Answers
4 functions of digestive system ✅Ingestion, digestion, absorption and elimination
Digestion ✅Processes of breaking down foods into absorb-able components
Ingestion ✅The intake of nutrients
Absorption ✅the movement of these small nutrient molecules across the cell
membrane of cells lining the digestive tract
Elimination ✅Elimination of undigested food residue from the body
Mechanical Digestion ✅Chewing+grind food
Peristalsis ✅The forward, rhythmic muscular contraction that moves food through GI
tract. Also segmentation in intestines (mixes)
Gastrointestinal (GI) Tract ✅consist of mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small
intestine, large intestine, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder and pancreas.
Chemical digestion ✅Digestive juices and enzymes break down food into absorbable
nutrient
After Digestion ✅- Goes into the circulatory system and lymph system. Sen to the liver
for processing before delivery to the body's cells.
- Gi tract is highly efficient: 92-97% of nutrients from food are digested and absorbed
- From cells to organs and organ systems
Mastication ✅Mechanical digestion
Saliva contain ✅water, electrolytes, mucus and enzymes
Bolus ✅food mass: moved into the pharynx, and enters the esophagus
Esophagus ✅Propels food into stomach
Lower Esophageal Sphincter (LES) ✅(Cardiac Sphincter) At bottom of esophagus
relaxes and allows food into stomach. Then it closes to prevent backflow of HCI from
stomach.
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