BIO 1050 Final Study Guide with Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
BIO 1050
Institution
BIO 1050
Biological Literacy: *Use the process of scientific inquiry to think creatively about real-world issues
*Communicate those thoughts to others
*Integrate them into your decision-making
Scientific Thinking: self-correcting, it's based on experience and observations that are rational, testable, and...
BIO 1050 Final Study Guide with
Questions and Correct Answers
Biological Literacy: ✅*Use the process of scientific inquiry to think creatively about
real-world issues
*Communicate those thoughts to others
*Integrate them into your decision-making
Scientific Thinking: ✅self-correcting, it's based on experience and observations that
are rational, testable, and repeatable
Describe critical characteristics of useful hypotheses: ✅*Clearly establish alternative
explanations for phenomena
*Must generate testable predictions
Design critical experiments to test hypotheses: ✅Makes it possible to decisively
determine whether a particular hypothesis is better than an alternative hypothesis
Experimental groups: ✅a group of individuals who are exposed to a particular
treatment
Control group: ✅a group of individuals who are treated identically to the experimental
group with one exception: they are not exposed to the treatment
Variables: ✅characteristics that are subject to change, described are independent and
dependent
Describes the biases that can occur in scientific studies and ways to reduce those
biases ✅The placebo effect
Explain how statistics can add support to scientific claims ✅*They help us identify
relations (or lack thereof) between variables
*Positive correlation: when one variable increases so does the other
*Correlation is not causation
*Helps us organize and summarize observations and experimental evidence
, Pseudoscience: ✅individuals who make scientific-sounding claims that are NOT
supported by trustworthy methodical scientific studies, "four out of five doctors.."
Anecdotal Observations: ✅Based on only one of a few observations, people conclude
that there is (or isn't) a link between two things, Superstitions
Relate major principles of chemistry to the study of biology ✅Everything is made of
atoms
Covalent bonds: ✅Two atoms SHARE electrons
*Electron cloud surrounds BOTH atoms
*Single covalent bond or double
Ionic bonds: ✅*Two OPPOSITELY charged ions attract each other
*Ionic compounds are neutral
Hydrogen bonds: ✅*Bond molecules TOGETHER
*Bond forms between a slightly positive hydrogen atom in one molecule and a
Slightly negative atom in the other molecule
*Resulting bond is WEAKER than covalent and ionic
pH: ✅The amount of H+ in a solution is a measure of its acidity and its called pH
Acids: ✅have higher H+ ions than OH- ions, pH lower than 7, can DONATE H+ to
other chemicals
Bases: ✅have higher OH- ions instead of H+ ions, pH higher than 7, neutralize acids
by adding OH-
Identify the major macromolecules that makeup living organisms: ✅*Carbohydrates
*Lipids
*Proteins
*Nucleic Acids
Carbohydrates: ✅*Primary fuel for the cells
*Form the structure of the cells
*Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
*Composed of monosaccharides (simple sugars)
*C-H bonds store large amounts of energy
*Glucose provides energy for the body's cells
Lipids: ✅*Contain significantly more C-H bonds= more stored energy
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