,1. Which neurotransmitter is primarily involved in the modulation
of pain?
a) Dopamine
b) Serotonin
c) GABA
d) Substance P
Answer: d) Substance P
Rationale: Substance P is a neuropeptide that functions as a
neurotransmitter and neuromodulator and is associated with the
transmission of pain signals into the central nervous system.
, 3. What is the role of astrocytes in the central nervous system?
a) Modulating neuronal activity
b) Myelinating peripheral neurons
c) Forming the blood-brain barrier
d) Conducting action potentials
Answer: c) Forming the blood-brain barrier
Rationale: Astrocytes contribute to the formation and
maintenance of the blood-brain barrier, which protects the brain
from harmful substances in the bloodstream.
4. Which ion's influx is most directly responsible for the
depolarization phase of an action potential?
a) Sodium (Na+)
b) Potassium (K+)
c) Calcium (Ca2+)
d) Chloride (Cl-)
Answer: a) Sodium (Na+)
Rationale: During the depolarization phase of an action potential,
sodium ions (Na+) rapidly enter the neuron, causing the interior to
become more positive.
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller emiliophd. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.