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Aice Marine Science Final Exam Questions and Answers
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Aice Marine Science Final Exam Questions and Answers
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Aice Marine Science Final ExamQuestions and Answers
Continental Drift - Answer -A theory supporting the possibility that continents are able to
move over Earth's surface
Plate tectonics - Answer -the process where large sections (plates) of the Earth's crust
are in constant movement over the fluid mantle, causing earthquakes and volcanoes at
the borders between the plates
Lithosphere - Answer -The outermost layer of the Earth's crust
Asthenosphere - Answer -a nearly liquid layer made of the uppermost part of the mantle
Mantle - Answer -A region of molten rock within the interior of the Earth, between the
core and the crust
Convection current - Answer -The movement of fluids or air based on density
differences caused by differing temperature
Convergent boundary - Answer -When two or more tectonics plates come together
Subduction - Answer -The process where one lithospheric plates slides below another
at a convergent plate boundary
Trench - Answer -A long, narrow and deep depression on the ocean floor with relatively
steep sides, caused by convergent plate boundaries
Volcano - Answer -A mountain or hill with a carter or vent through which lava, rock
fragments, hot vapour and gas are being forced from the Earth's crust
Earthquake - Answer -A sudden release of energy inside the Earth that creates seismic
waves usually caused by the movement of tectonic plates or volcanic activity
Tsunami - Answer -A seismic sea wave created by an underwater earthquake or
volcanic event, not noticeable in the open ocean but building to great heights in shallow
water
,Divergent boundary - Answer -Where two tectonic plates are moving away from each
other
Mid-Ocean ridge - Answer -A mountain range with a central valley on an ocean floor at
the boundary between two diverging tectonic plates, where new crust forms from
upwelling magma
Transform boundary - Answer -When two plates are moving in an antiparallel direction,
creating friction between them
Abyssal plain - Answer -A flat, sandy region of the ocean floor found between trenches
and the continental rise
Hydrothermal vents - Answer -An area where cold ocean water that has seeped into the
Earth's crust is superheated by underlying magma and forced through vents in the
ocean floor
Continental margin - Answer -The submerged area next to a continent, which includes
the continental shelf, continental slope and continental rise
Continental shelf - Answer -A gently sloping surface that extends from the low tide line
to the continental slope, typically where a great deal of sand deposits
Continental slope - Answer -A relatively steep sloping surface between the continental
shelf and the continental rise
Continental rise - Answer -A gently sloping surface at the base of the continental slope
where sand deposits
Isostasy - Answer -A process similar to buoyancy but related to the Earth's crust floating
on the flexible mantle
Littoral zone - Answer -The benthic, or bottom, zone between the highest and lowest
spring tide shorelines, also referred to as the intertidal zone
Morphology - Answer -The study of the forms of things
Erosion - Answer -A natural process where material is worn away from the Earth's
surface and transported elsewhere
Desposition - Answer -A geological process where sediments, soil and rocks are added
to a landform or land mass
Delta - Answer -A low-lying triangular area at the mouth of a river formed by the
deposition of sediments
, Zonation - Answer -A separation of organisms in a habitat into definite zones or bands
according to biological and physical factors, common in rocky shore habitats
Desiccation - Answer -The process of drying out or losing moisture
Infauna - Answer -Animals living within the sediments of the ocean floor, river or lake
beds
Sedimentation - Answer -The act or process of depositing sediment from a solution (e.g.
seawater)
Hypothesis - Answer -An explanation of an observation that can be tested through
experimentation
Variable - Answer -A condition in an experiment that can be controlled or changed
Theory - Answer -a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world
Refute - Answer -Submitting evidence that shows that a hypothesis is not correct
Qualitative Data - Answer -Descriptive data about a variable, for example color or
behavior
Quantitative data - Answer -Numerical data that give the quantity, amount or range of a
variable
Prediction - Answer -A statement of the expected results in an experiment based on the
hypothesis being tested
Independent variable - Answer -The variable being changed in an experiment
Dependent variable - Answer -The variable being measured in an experiment
Control group - Answer -A group within an experiment or study that receives exactly the
same treatment as the experimental groups with the exception of the variable being
tested
Control variables - Answer -Variables that are not being tested but that must kept the
same in case they affect the experiment
Confounding variable - Answer -A variable that could affect the dependent variable. In
laboratory experiments these are the variables that must controlled. In field experiments
they are normally just measured and recorded.
Reliable - Answer -Results that can be replicated by other people
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