ABP Board Study Guide Exam
Questions & Answers 2024/2025
Birthweight triples by - ANSWERS1 year
length Growth rate in first year - ANSWERS20cm/year
An 18 month old can stack __cubes - ANSWERS4
A child can stack 8 blocks and walk up stairs w/ alternating feet, age? - ANSWERS36 mo
able to draw a triangle - ANSWERSage 5
able to draw a circle - ANSWERSage 3
MCHAT timing - ANSWERS18 and 24 months
in what disease is CCHD sat lower in lower extremities? - ANSWERSCoarctation of aorta or interrupted
arch or Pulm HTN
Failed CCHD - ANSWERS<95% or >3% difference
GCS verbal for moan? Crying spontaneously? Out of? - ANSWERS2 for moan to pain, 3 for cry to pain and
4 for crying spontaneously
GCS motor for withdraws to pain? Out of? - ANSWERSOut of 6. Withdraws=4
GCS eyes out of? Opens to pain? - ANSWERSOut of 4. To pain=2
,when to biopsy thyroid nodule - ANSWERS>1.5cm with FNA
when to follow up benign appearing bony lesion - ANSWERSif >50% of cortex needs serial imaging q6-12
months due to risk of pathologic fracture
tx of giardia - ANSWERSMetronidazole
Tinidazole
vitamin/mineral deficiency: alopecia, impaired immunity, taste/smell impairment, diarrhea, BULLOUS
acral dermatitis, night blindness - ANSWERSzinc
risk factors for chromium deficiency - ANSWERSTPN dependence (short gut, burns), prolonged
hospitalization
vitamin/mineral deficiency: kinky hair, edema, hepatosplenomegaly, depigmented skin, neuropathy,
hypochromic anemia - ANSWERScopper
risk factors for copper deficiency? genetic disease? - ANSWERSGI surgery, malabsorption, excess zinc.
Menkes disease: copper transport defect
gitelman syndrome - ANSWERSReabsorptive defect of NaCL in DCT (like a thiazide diuretic).
Leads to hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic alkalosis, and hypercalcemia.
Magnesium deficiency symptoms - ANSWERSwide QRS, peaked Ts, arrhythmia, tetany, weakness,
delirium, hypocalcemia, hypoK
TAR vs Fanconi anemia - ANSWERSfanconi has thumb affected. fanconi also with cafe au lait, low set
ears, aplastic aneima, developmental delay
,liquids that cause alkaline toxic ingestions - ANSWERSdrain cleaner, toilet bowl cleaner, rust remover
organophosphate poisoning symptoms - ANSWERScholinergic: Constricted Pupils, Diarrhea, urination,
Muscle weakness, Bradycardia, Bronchospasm, Bronchorrhea, Emesis, Lacrimation, Sweating, Salivation,
Seizures, GI cramping
URINE abnormalities that cause kidney stones - ANSWERShigh calcium (most common), cystine, oxalate,
and uric acid. High urine citrate is protective
Mixed Venous Saturation (SvO2) should be how much less than SaO2? - ANSWERS20-30%
tx of shigella - ANSWERSazithromycin, ceftriaxone, cipro, amox
Mid-parental height formula - ANSWERS(dad's height+mom's height+ 5in/13cm for males)/2
(dad's height+mom's height - 5in/13cm for females)/2
+/- 3 inches or 5cm
When to a refer a patient with colonic polyps - ANSWERS>5 juvenile polyps which suggest juvenile
polyposis syndrome, or any adenomatous polyp=FAP
Hydrocarbon Ingestion, Inhalation symptoms - ANSWERSARDS, liver toxicity, arrhythmia
Lichen sclerosis vulva treatment - ANSWERSstart with topical high potency steroid with topical
calcineurin inhibitor for maintenance
turners syndrome phenotypic features - ANSWERSepicanthal folds, ptosis, low set ears, low posterior
hairline, webbed neck, wide spaced nipples, multiple nevi, short 4th metacarpal, short stature
, conditions associated w. turners - ANSWERSautoimmune hypothyroid, celiac, renal anomalies, cardiac
problems, cystic hygroma
natural history of tay sachs - ANSWERSnormal until age 3-6 months, then increased startle, loss of motor
skills, decreased alertness progressing to seizure, blindness, spasticity and death by age 4
enzyme deficiency in tay sachs - ANSWERShexosaminidase A deficiency in white blood cells
presentation of gaucher - ANSWERSlysosomal storage disease: at age 2-4 months have feeding difficulty,
FTT, opisthotonic posturing, cherry red spot, lung disease, anemia+thrombocytopenia.
HSM, lytic bone disease set it apart from tay sachs
Sprengel's Deformity - ANSWERScongenitally undescended scapula. associated with klippel-feil
syndrome
onset and duration of alcohol withdrawal - ANSWERS5 to 24 hours after decreasing alcohol. can last 2-7
days
Alcohol withdrawal symptoms - ANSWERStachycardia, sweating, fever, tremors, seizures, elevated blood
pressure, vomiting, and diarrhea.
what factor deficiency causes prolonged PT - ANSWERSIIV, X, V, II
when do greenstick fractures require reduction - ANSWERS>15 degrees angulation
BRUE high risk, out of guidelines - ANSWERSgestational age <32wks w/ corrected age <45wks, age < 60
days, multiple episodes, event >1 minute, CPR by trained provider
Treatment of seborrheic dermatitis - ANSWERSDepends on location: low potency steroids, topical anti-
fungals (ie clotrimazole), antiseborrheic shampoo containing pyrithione zinc, selenium sulfide, or
ketoconazole.
Questions & Answers 2024/2025
Birthweight triples by - ANSWERS1 year
length Growth rate in first year - ANSWERS20cm/year
An 18 month old can stack __cubes - ANSWERS4
A child can stack 8 blocks and walk up stairs w/ alternating feet, age? - ANSWERS36 mo
able to draw a triangle - ANSWERSage 5
able to draw a circle - ANSWERSage 3
MCHAT timing - ANSWERS18 and 24 months
in what disease is CCHD sat lower in lower extremities? - ANSWERSCoarctation of aorta or interrupted
arch or Pulm HTN
Failed CCHD - ANSWERS<95% or >3% difference
GCS verbal for moan? Crying spontaneously? Out of? - ANSWERS2 for moan to pain, 3 for cry to pain and
4 for crying spontaneously
GCS motor for withdraws to pain? Out of? - ANSWERSOut of 6. Withdraws=4
GCS eyes out of? Opens to pain? - ANSWERSOut of 4. To pain=2
,when to biopsy thyroid nodule - ANSWERS>1.5cm with FNA
when to follow up benign appearing bony lesion - ANSWERSif >50% of cortex needs serial imaging q6-12
months due to risk of pathologic fracture
tx of giardia - ANSWERSMetronidazole
Tinidazole
vitamin/mineral deficiency: alopecia, impaired immunity, taste/smell impairment, diarrhea, BULLOUS
acral dermatitis, night blindness - ANSWERSzinc
risk factors for chromium deficiency - ANSWERSTPN dependence (short gut, burns), prolonged
hospitalization
vitamin/mineral deficiency: kinky hair, edema, hepatosplenomegaly, depigmented skin, neuropathy,
hypochromic anemia - ANSWERScopper
risk factors for copper deficiency? genetic disease? - ANSWERSGI surgery, malabsorption, excess zinc.
Menkes disease: copper transport defect
gitelman syndrome - ANSWERSReabsorptive defect of NaCL in DCT (like a thiazide diuretic).
Leads to hypokalemia, hypomagnesemia, metabolic alkalosis, and hypercalcemia.
Magnesium deficiency symptoms - ANSWERSwide QRS, peaked Ts, arrhythmia, tetany, weakness,
delirium, hypocalcemia, hypoK
TAR vs Fanconi anemia - ANSWERSfanconi has thumb affected. fanconi also with cafe au lait, low set
ears, aplastic aneima, developmental delay
,liquids that cause alkaline toxic ingestions - ANSWERSdrain cleaner, toilet bowl cleaner, rust remover
organophosphate poisoning symptoms - ANSWERScholinergic: Constricted Pupils, Diarrhea, urination,
Muscle weakness, Bradycardia, Bronchospasm, Bronchorrhea, Emesis, Lacrimation, Sweating, Salivation,
Seizures, GI cramping
URINE abnormalities that cause kidney stones - ANSWERShigh calcium (most common), cystine, oxalate,
and uric acid. High urine citrate is protective
Mixed Venous Saturation (SvO2) should be how much less than SaO2? - ANSWERS20-30%
tx of shigella - ANSWERSazithromycin, ceftriaxone, cipro, amox
Mid-parental height formula - ANSWERS(dad's height+mom's height+ 5in/13cm for males)/2
(dad's height+mom's height - 5in/13cm for females)/2
+/- 3 inches or 5cm
When to a refer a patient with colonic polyps - ANSWERS>5 juvenile polyps which suggest juvenile
polyposis syndrome, or any adenomatous polyp=FAP
Hydrocarbon Ingestion, Inhalation symptoms - ANSWERSARDS, liver toxicity, arrhythmia
Lichen sclerosis vulva treatment - ANSWERSstart with topical high potency steroid with topical
calcineurin inhibitor for maintenance
turners syndrome phenotypic features - ANSWERSepicanthal folds, ptosis, low set ears, low posterior
hairline, webbed neck, wide spaced nipples, multiple nevi, short 4th metacarpal, short stature
, conditions associated w. turners - ANSWERSautoimmune hypothyroid, celiac, renal anomalies, cardiac
problems, cystic hygroma
natural history of tay sachs - ANSWERSnormal until age 3-6 months, then increased startle, loss of motor
skills, decreased alertness progressing to seizure, blindness, spasticity and death by age 4
enzyme deficiency in tay sachs - ANSWERShexosaminidase A deficiency in white blood cells
presentation of gaucher - ANSWERSlysosomal storage disease: at age 2-4 months have feeding difficulty,
FTT, opisthotonic posturing, cherry red spot, lung disease, anemia+thrombocytopenia.
HSM, lytic bone disease set it apart from tay sachs
Sprengel's Deformity - ANSWERScongenitally undescended scapula. associated with klippel-feil
syndrome
onset and duration of alcohol withdrawal - ANSWERS5 to 24 hours after decreasing alcohol. can last 2-7
days
Alcohol withdrawal symptoms - ANSWERStachycardia, sweating, fever, tremors, seizures, elevated blood
pressure, vomiting, and diarrhea.
what factor deficiency causes prolonged PT - ANSWERSIIV, X, V, II
when do greenstick fractures require reduction - ANSWERS>15 degrees angulation
BRUE high risk, out of guidelines - ANSWERSgestational age <32wks w/ corrected age <45wks, age < 60
days, multiple episodes, event >1 minute, CPR by trained provider
Treatment of seborrheic dermatitis - ANSWERSDepends on location: low potency steroids, topical anti-
fungals (ie clotrimazole), antiseborrheic shampoo containing pyrithione zinc, selenium sulfide, or
ketoconazole.
