Cancer Development and Cell Signaling Study
Questions Solved 100% Correct Latest Update
DNA Viruses - ✔✔Viruses that can transform host cells, including human papillomavirus
(HPV), human adenovirus, and herpesvirus, potentially leading to cancer development.
Link Between Chemical and Viral Transformation - ✔✔The transformation of cells due to exposure
to chemicals or viruses, often leading to genetic alterations and potential cancer development.
Mutated Ras Genes - ✔✔Ras genes found in many human tumors, often mutated and contributing
to uncontrolled cell growth and cancer development.
Proto-Oncogene Conversion - ✔✔The conversion of proto-oncogenes to oncogenes
through overexpression via gene amplification, leading to the promotion of cancer
development.
Philadelphia Chromosome Translocation - ✔✔The formation of a hybrid oncoprotein due to fragile
sites in the genome, often associated with chronic myeloid leukemia.
Crypts and Villi - ✔✔Dividing cells found in crypts, which are structures in the lining of the
intestines, and villi, which are finger-like projections that increase the surface area for nutrient
absorption.
V-Src - ✔✔A tyrosine kinase that triggers signal transduction of growth factors in humans,
often associated with cellular transformation and cancer development.
, Ligand-Independent Signaling - ✔✔The recruitment of different cofactors for signaling independent
of the presence of a ligand, often leading to uncontrolled cell growth and potential cancer development.
Paracrine Signaling - ✔✔The communication between cells by releasing signaling molecules to
activate surrounding cells, playing a role in tissue development and homeostasis.
Autocrine Signaling - ✔✔The production and secretion of a mediator by a cell, binding to its
own receptors and influencing its own behavior, often associated with cancer development.
Transphosphorylation - ✔✔The transfer of a phosphate group between a substrate and a
receptor, often playing a role in signal transduction and cellular regulation.
Signal Transduction Network - ✔✔The translation of extracellular messenger binding to cell surface
receptors into biochemical changes, often leading to altered cellular behavior and potential
implications in cancer development.
Dimerization - ✔✔The joining of two molecular entities by bonds, often playing a role in
the activation of signaling pathways and cellular responses.
IEGs (Immediate Early Genes) - ✔✔Genes that show rapid and transient increases in expression in
response to extracellular signals, often playing a role in the regulation of cellular processes and potential
implications in cancer development.
Mitogen - ✔✔A bioactive protein that induces cell division or enhances the rate of division,
often playing a role in tissue growth and repair, as well as cancer development.
Inositol Lipids - ✔✔Molecules that play a key role in transmembrane signaling, ion channel
regulation, and cellular trafficking, often involved in cellular responses and potential implications
in cancer development.
Integrin - ✔✔Principal receptors used by animal cells to bind to the extracellular matrix, playing
a crucial role in cell adhesion, migration, and signaling.
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