Functions Of The Skeletal System -Support -Protection -Mineral And Lipid Storage -Blood Cell Production -Leverage/Movement/Anchorage
Long Bone Shape: Long And Slenderlocation: Arm And Forearm, Thigh And Leg, Palms, Soles, Fingers, And Toes.Ex) Femur- Largest And Heaviest Bone In The Body
Short Bo...
Bio 250 Bone Review Questions and
Correct Answers
Functions Of The Skeletal System ✅-Support
-Protection
-Mineral And Lipid Storage
-Blood Cell Production
-Leverage/Movement/Anchorage
Long Bone ✅Shape: Long And Slenderlocation: Arm And Forearm, Thigh And Leg,
Palms, Soles, Fingers, And Toes.Ex) Femur- Largest And Heaviest Bone In The Body
Short Bone ✅Shape: Boxlikelocation: Wrist & Ankleex) Carpal Bones (Wrist) And
Tarsal Bones (Ankles)
Flat Bone ✅Shape: Thin, Parallel Surfaceslocation: Roof Of Skull, Sternum, Ribs,
Scapulaeprovide Protection For Underlying Soft Tissue And Offer An Extensive Surface
Area For Skeletal Musclesex) Parietal Bone
Irregular Bone ✅Shape: Complex Shapes, Short, Flat, Notched Or Ridged
Surfaces.Location: Vertebrae In Spinal Column, Bones Of Pelvis, Skull Bones
Ex) Lumbar Vertebrae
Sesamoid Bone ✅Shape: Small, Round And Flat
Location: Develop Inside Tendons And Near Knee Joints, Hands, And Feet
Ex) Patella (Kneecap)
A Layer That Walls The Diaphysis Of The Long Bone, Is Solid/Forms A Protective Layer
That Surrounds A Central Space ✅Compact Bone
Largely What The Epiphyses Is Made Of, Open Network Of Struts And Plates That
Resembles Latticework; Epiphysis Is Covered By A Thin Layer Of Compact Bone
✅Spongy Bone
Outermost Cartilage That Covers The Epiphyses Of Bone ✅Articular Cartilage
A Covering Composed Of Fibrous (Outer) And Cellular (Inner) Layers. Helps To Attach
A Bone To Surrounding Tissues And To Associated Tendons And Ligaments. The
Cellular Layer Takes Part In Appositional Bone Growth And Helps In Repairs After An
Injury. ✅Periosteum
Lines Medullary Cavities And Passageways For Blood Vessels Penetrating The Matrix
Of Compact Bone ✅Endosteum
, Central Space, Marrow Cavity ✅Medullary Cavity
Adipose Tissue, Important For Energy Reserve Spongy Bone ✅Yellow Marrow
Forms Blood Cells ✅Red Marrow
Expanded Area At Each End Of Bone ✅Epiphysis
Extended Tubular SHAFT (Think Body Of Bone) ✅Diaphysis
Where The Diaphysis Is Connected To Each Epiphysis At This Narrow Zone
✅Metaphysis
Remains After Each Growth Has Ended (Black Lines B/W Bones On X-Ray)
✅Epiphyseal Line (Growth Plate)
Entrance For Blood Vessels; Larger In The SHAFTS Of Large Bones ✅Nutrient
Foramen
Basic Functional Unit Of Mature Compact Bone, Osteocytes Are Arranged In Concentric
Layers Around A Vascular Central Canal ✅- Osteon
Middle Canal Of An Osteon; Contains One Or More Blood Vessels (Normally A
Capillary And A Venule, A Very Small Vein) Carry Blood To And From The Osteon
✅Central Canal:
Extend Perpendicular To The Surface; Blood Vessels In These Canals Supply Blood To
Osteons Deeper In The Bone And To Tissues Of The Medullary Cavity ✅Perforating
Canal
Bone Cells; In Lacuna. Communication Takes Place Between Blood Vessels &
Osteocytes Through Cytoplasmic Extensions ✅Osteocytes
Immature Precursor Cell, Produce BUILD New Bone Matrix In Ossification; Make And
Release Proteins And Other Organic Components Of Matrix. ✅Osteoblasts
Cells That Absorb And Remove Bone Matrix; Large Cells With Many Nuclei (50+); Not
Related To Osteogenic, Instead Are Derived From Same Stem Cells That Produce
Monocytes And Macrophages, Which IMPROVE BODY'S DEFENSE MECHANISM!;
Dissolve Matrix And Release Stored Minerals ✅Osteoclasts
In The Matrix, "Lake" Holds Osteocytes ✅Lacuna
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