Bio 250 Exam 1 Study Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
BIO 250
Institution
BIO 250
Evolution is the unifying concept of biology Dobzhansky
Ophelia Syndrome Being told what to do or how to think; Thomas Plummer
What are the six cures to Ophelia Syndrome? 1. Seek out great teachers 2. Dare to know and trust yourself 3. Learn to live with uncertainty (Science exists because of wha...
Bio 250 Exam 1 Study Questions and
Correct Answers
Evolution is the unifying concept of biology ✅Dobzhansky
Ophelia Syndrome ✅Being told what to do or how to think; Thomas Plummer
What are the six cures to Ophelia Syndrome? ✅1. Seek out great teachers
2. Dare to know and trust yourself
3. Learn to live with uncertainty (Science exists because of what we don't know)
4. Practice dialectical thinking; Put yourself in their shoes
5. Foster idle thinking (Alfred Russel Wallace codiscovered natural selection while sick
in a bed in Malay)
6. Plan to step out of bounds (Question presumed bounds of thinking, reading, writing,
or learning)
Theory of Evolution ✅the idea that all species are related and gradually change over
time
What are the 7 evidences for Evolution? ✅1. Nested hierarchical structure of life (Gave
rise to binomial nomenclature)
2.Evidence for extinction
3. Succession of fossil types
4. Geographical relationships of similar species (Sarawak law) - Similar species come
from similar places
5. Shared embryonic features (Haeckel)
6. Common design blueprints for structures with different function (homologous
structures)
7. Vestigial organs -- appendix (loss of function, not loss of structure) & Atavisms -- tail
(ancestral trait reappears)
binomial nomenclature ✅Carolus Linnaeus
classification based on shared similarities
Thomas Molyneux ✅First to describe extinct irish elk
Cuvier ✅list of 23 extinct species in 1801
Charles Lyell ✅proponent of uniformitarianism
Uniformitarianism ✅geologic processes have not changed throughout Earth's history.
, Lyell's Principles of Succession ✅1. Superposition: bottom layers older than top layers
2. cross cutting structure is younger than layer it crosses
3. structure included is older than structure holding it
4. Original horizontality
5. Uniformitarianism
Wallace's Line ✅a faunal boundary line drawn in 1859 by the British naturalist Alfred
Russel Wallace that separates the ecozones of Asia and Wallacea, a transitional zone
between Asia and Australia.
Richard Owen ✅Structural homology
What is the difference between natural selection and evolution? ✅NS acts on
individuals, evo takes into account populations
Darwin's 2 ideas ✅1. Tree-thinking (evolution)
2. Natural selection (hypothesis for how evolution occurs)
Identity by descent ✅homology (phylogenetic trees)
Identity by convergence ✅analogy
consilience of induction ✅one class of facts coincides with an induction obtained from
a different class
What did John Snow do? ✅cholera epidemic, traced source to water pump on broad
street
Germ theory ✅the theory that infectious diseases are caused by certain microbes
Proximate cause ✅occur during the lifespan of organism
how questions
physiology of raising body temperature
ultimate cause ✅operate during evolutionary history of organism
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