Nursing 220 Exam 1 Practice Questions and Solutions
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Course
NUR 220
Institution
NUR 220
What are the energy yielding nutrients? carbohydrates, protein, and fats
How many kcals per gram do each energy yielding nutrient supply and which is most calorically dense? carbs and protein 4 kcalories per gram; fats are 9 kcalories per gram and fats are most calorically dense
What are the main...
Nursing 220 Exam 1 Practice Questions
and Solutions
What are the energy yielding nutrients? ✅carbohydrates, protein, and fats
How many kcals per gram do each energy yielding nutrient supply and which is most
calorically dense? ✅carbs and protein 4 kcalories per gram; fats are 9 kcalories per
gram and fats are most calorically dense
What are the main functions of vitamins and minerals? ✅they facilitate the release of
energy from the three energy yielding nutrients
What is nutrient density? ✅nutrient density is foods that deliver the most nutrients for
the least food energy ex: 1 cup of fat free milk is more nutrient dense than 1 1/2 ounces
of cheddar cheese
What food group is not a basic member of the Daily Food Guide? ✅sugars and solid
fats because they supply kcalories but few nutrients
What is a standard serving in the grain group equal to? ✅1 ounce of grains, 1 slice of
bread, and 3 cups of popcorn
4 recommendations of the 2010 Dietary Guidelines regarding grain, vegetables, fat, and
dairy intake ✅increase fruit and vegetable intake, eat a variety of vegetables especially
dark green, red, and orange vegetables; half of grains consumed should be whole
grains; increase intake of fat free or low fat milk and milk products; use oils to replace
solid fats where possible
2 ways that Dietary Reference Intakes might be used ✅to evaluate diet and set
improvement goals and to plan a diet
Which category of dris is used to evaluate nutrient intakes of groups? ✅Estimated
Average Requirements
What is the name of the nutrient standard used on labels? ✅daily values
What are daily values based on? ✅they set adequacy standards for nutrients that are
desirable in the diet such as protein, vitamins, minerals, and fiber; also set moderation
standards for other nutrients that must be limited such as fat, saturated fat, cholesterol,
and sodium
, What organs contribute digestive juices? ✅salivary glands, stomach, pancreas, liver,
and small intestines
What enzyme is contained in saliva ✅amylase and it acts on starch
What are the gastric juices of the stomach made up of ✅water, enzymes and
hydrochloric acid
What protects the stomach from gastric juices? ✅stomach is protected by mucus
Describe the action of peristalsis and the type of muscle involved ✅food moving from
the esophagus to the GI tract; circular and tubular muscles bulge and constrict
Where does digestion start and end for carbs? ✅mouth to small intestine
Where does digestion start and end for protein? ✅stomach to small intestine
Where does digestion start and end for fats? ✅stomach to small intestine
Define villi ✅fingerlike projections from the folds of the small intestine
Microvilli ✅tiny, hairlike projections on each cell of every villus that can trap nutrients
and transport them to the cell; traps nutrient particles
After absorption, where are water soluble nutrients released into? ✅the bloodstream
After absorption where are fat soluble nutrients transported? ✅they are transferred via
the lymphatic system
What is the major metabolic organ and what does it secrete? ✅the liver and it secretes
bile which is an emulsifier of fat
What is the main function of carbohydrates? ✅bodys preferred energy source
Name the basic unit of carbohydrates and its stored form ✅glucose is the simplest
form and is stored as glycogen in the body
Name three monosaccharides ✅glucose, fructose, and galactose
Name three disaccharides ✅sucrose, lactose, and maltose
Name three polysaccharides ✅glycogen, starches, fibers
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