NUR 235 Exam 3 Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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Course
NUR 235
Institution
NUR 235
What are some developmental differences in children regarding to the respiratory system? tend to have a higher respiratory rate due to little space to exchange the oxygen and carbon dioxide in their lungs
What are some developmental differences in pregnant women regarding to the respiratory system...
NUR 235 Exam 3 Practice Questions and
Correct Answers
What are some developmental differences in children regarding to the respiratory
system? ✅tend to have a higher respiratory rate due to little space to exchange the
oxygen and carbon dioxide in their lungs
What are some developmental differences in pregnant women regarding to the
respiratory system? ✅tend to have rapid, shallow respirations due to uterus
enlargement
Define dyspnea ✅shortness of breath or difficulty breathing
Define orthopnea ✅dyspnea when lying down
Define hemoptysis ✅coughing up blood brought up by forceful cough
Define bradypnea ✅slow respiratory rate, usually below 10 respirations per minute
Define hyperventilation ✅rapid, deep respirations, less than 24 breaths per minute
Define hypoventilation ✅irregular, shallow respirations, less than 10 breaths per
minute
What are some questions you could ask when you're doing a focused assessment on
the respiratory system? ✅-have you experienced any changes in your breathing
-do you breathe through your nose or mouth
-are you able to carry out daily activities without any change in your breathing
-describe your breathing when you exercise
-do you or your family have any history of any respiratory disease
What changes respirations and respiratory status? ✅activity, age, and stress
What are some abnormal sounds when listening to the lungs? ✅-stridor: occurs during
inspiration, loud, high pitched crowing heard without a stethoscope caused by
obstruction of the upper airway
-rales/crackles fine: occurs at the end of inspiration, high pitched, short crackling sound
caused by collapsed or fluid filled alveoli open. Pneumonia
-rales/crackles coarse: occurs at the end of inspiration, loud, moist low pitched bubbling
sound caused by collapsed or fluid filled alveoli open.
Pneumonia
, -rhonchi: occurs during expiration and inspiration, changes or disappears with cough,
low pitched continuous, snoring and rattling
Sound, caused by fluid blocked airways. Bronchitis
-wheezes: occurs during expiration and inspiration when severe, high pitched
continuous sound caused by blocked airflow for example
Asthma, infection, bronchitis, or foreign body obstruction
-friction rub: occurs during inhalation and exhalation, low pitched grating and rubbing,
caused by pleural inflammation
What are some changes in the breath with copd? ✅barrel chest, rounded bulging
chest that resembles the shape of a barrel
What is a normal pulse ox? ✅95-100%
What is a normal capillary refill? ✅less than 3 seconds, longer than 3 seconds can
indicate dehydration, peripheral vascular diseases, or poor perfusion
What is a normal chest expansion? ✅an a:p diameter of 2:1
What is tactile fremitus? ✅-palpable vibrations when a patient speaks
-ask patient to say "eee" or "99"
-should not hear those clearly, if you do it could mean fluid in the lungs
What are the heart landmarks of the precordium? ✅1. Aortic area: second right
intercostal space
2. Pulmonic area: second left intercostal space
3. Erb's point: third left intercostal space
4. Tricuspid area: fourth left intercostal space
5. Mitral area or apex: fifth left intercostal space
What are normal hear sounds, and where are they heard at? ✅s1: (lub); heard when
the av valves close. Heard at the apex with diaphragm
S2: (dub); heard when the sl valves close. Heard at the 2nd intercostal space
Explain what is goin on in the closure of the valves during each sound phase ✅-the
first heart sound (s1) represents closure of the atrioventricular (mitral and tricuspid)
valves as the ventricular pressures exceed atrial pressures at the beginning of systole
-the second heart sound (s2) represents closure of the semilunar (aortic and pulmonary)
valves. S2 is normally split because the aortic valve closes before the pulmonary valve
What is jvd and why would we see that? ✅-jugular venous distention: when the jugular
venous pressure runs quickly through the vein from the head to the superior vena cava
into the heart
-see it in patients that have congestive heart failure, and coronary disease
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