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Community and Public Health Nursing
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TEST BANK - Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 4th Edition by DeMarco & Walsh,
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TEST BANK - Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice 4th Edition by DeMarco & Walsh, All 25 Chapters Covered, Verified Latest Edition
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TEST BANK For Community and Public Health Nursing: Evidence for Practice, 4th Edition by (DeMarco), All Chapters 1 - 25 Updated A+
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TEST BANK For Community and Public Health Nursing10th Edition by Rector & Stanley
A school nurse wants to decrease the rate of obesity among children. Which of the
following
actions in the community would be most effective?
a. Lobby legislators to enact stronger legislation regarding school lunches and snack
machines in schools.
b. Increase nutrition programs in schools that teach children to make healthy food
choices.
c. Involve the entire family in the planning and managing of nutrition, especially
when a child in the family is obese.
d. Provide after-school and summer camps that focus on diet and exercise. -
ANSWER: ANS: C
Interventions need to be based on goals of lifestyle changes for the entire family.
The goal is
to modify the way the family eats, exercises, and plans daily activities. Although it is
important to teach nutrition, exercise, and proper food choice, if the family does not,
for
example, prepare the proper foods from which they can choose, the knowledge of
the child is
insignificant. Changes need to be made at a more direct level, such as by working
with the
family, to establish a change. Community-level changes may not impact what is
happening
within the family in regards to diet and exercise.
A nurse wants to establish a program to decrease the death rate among children.
Which of the
following health problems should be the target of this program?
a. Accidents and injuries
b. AIDS
c. Childhood obesity
d. Vaccine-preventable diseases - ANSWER: ANS: A
Injuries are the number one cause of death for children (and young adults up to age
21 years)
in the United States. Injuries and accidents are the most important causes of
preventable
disease, disability, and death among children. Most are preventable. Obesity,
although a
significant problem, is not a common cause of death in children. AIDS and
vaccine-preventable diseases are not common causes of death among children.
,A nurse wants to establish a program to decrease the death rate among adolescents.
Which of
the following programs should be developed?
a. Antialcohol program
b. Antismoking program
c. Careful driving program
d. Safe sex program - ANSWER: ANS: C
Motor vehicle accidents are the leading cause of death among children and
teenagers. The use
of tobacco is a leading cause of preventable death among adults, but not among
adolescents.
The use of alcohol and sexually transmitted diseases are not related to common
causes of
death among teenagers.
Which of the following is of the greatest concern for the nurse who works with high
school
students?
a. Alcohol use
b. Motor vehicle accidents
c. Sports-related injuries
d. Unprotected sex - ANSWER: ANS: B
Motor vehicle-related injuries and violence are the leading causes of morbidity and
mortality
for adolescents. Thus, this would be the greatest concern for the nurse working with
high
school students. Alcohol use, sport-related injuries, and unprotected sex are not
related to the
major causes of morbidity and mortality among adolescents. So, although these
topics may
impact this population they should not be the priority for the nurse.
A mother says, "My son wants me to let him buy a car. I must admit, I certainly get
tired of
driving him around to all his sports and other activities. Do you think I should let him
have a
car?" Which of the following statements would be the best response by the nurse?
a. "Absolutely, it will help him recognize the cost of gas and maintenance."
b. "Certainly. Most young men want their own car, and peer pressure can be
painful."
c. "It depends on whether you trust your son to drive safely."
d. "No, adolescent males cannot be trusted with an automobile." - ANSWER: ANS: C
Motor vehicle-related injuries and violence are the leading causes of morbidity and
mortality
for adolescents. Males are more likely to take risks, and injury death rates for boys
are twice
,as high as those for girls. Thus, the response by the nurse should take these factors
into
consideration in response and encourage the mother to individualize her decision for
her son.
The incorrect reponses do not take into account the individual risk factors that the
nurse
should encourage the mother to consider. The nurse should encourage the mother
to think
about the risky behaviors specific to this population and how they apply to her son.
Which of the following children is most at risk for being abused?
a. A 1-year-old
b. A 6-year-old
c. A 9-year-old
d. A teenager - ANSWER: ANS: A
Children under the age of 4 and children with special needs are at highest risk for
abuse. A 6
year old, 9 year old, and teenager are not as at high of risk for being abused because
they are
older. Literature states that those under the age of 4 years are at highest risk for
abuse.
If underlying causes were listed on autopsy reports, which of the following would be
the most
common cause of unnecessary death in the United States?
a. Alcohol
b. Guns
c. Lack of exercise
d. Unprotected sex - ANSWER: ANS: C
Heart disease is the leading cause of death in the United States. Routine physical
activity has
been found to prevent early death and chronic diseases, including coronary artery
disease,
stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus, depression, and some types of cancer. Alcohol,
guns, and
unprotected sex are not related to common causes of unnecessary death among
adults in the
United States.
A client has designated someone else to make health care decisions when he or she
is unable
to do so. Which of the following methods is the client using to make health care
decisions?
a. An advance directive
b. A living will
c. A durable power of attorney
d. A Do-Not-Resuscitate (DNR) order - ANSWER: ANS: C
, Durable power of attorney is the legal way for a client to designate someone else to
make
health care decisions when he or she is unable to do so. Advance directives is a
broad
category that includes both living wills and durable power of attorney. A living will
allows the
client to express wishes regarding the use of medical treatments in the event of a
terminal
illness. A DNR order is a specific order from a physician not to use cardiopulmonary
resuscitation.
A nurse would like to learn more about the overall health of a population. Which of
the
following indicators would the nurse most likely use?
a. Life expectancy
b. Mortality rate
c. Morbidity rate
d. Health status - ANSWER: ANS: A
Life expectancy is a measure that is often used to gauge the overall health of a
population.
Health status indicators are the quantitative or qualitative measures used to
describe the level
of well-being or illness present in a defined population or to describe related
attributes or risk
factors. Morbidity rate is the frequency that a disease occurs within a population.
Mortality
rate is the number of deaths in a given area or period. Both morbidity and mortality
rates are
health status indicators.
A nurse is new to the community but wants to begin planning immediately for health
promotion programs. Even though the nurse does not yet know the community,
which of the
following programs would be good to plan first?
a. Alcohol and tobacco cessation programs
b. Cancer screening programs
c. Cardiac health education programs
d. Exercise for life programs - ANSWER: ANS: C
Heart disease is one of the most significant public health problems in the United
States,
responsible for premature mortality and disability. Cardiovascular disease is the
leading cause
of death in the United States. Good nutrition and exercise programs, while both
good health
promotion programs, are too narrow in focus to represent the greatest need in the
community.
Cancer is the second leading cause of death so may be the nurse's second focus.
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