FNP Professionl/research
credentialing correct answersProcess used to protect the public by ensuring a minimum level of
professional competence
certification correct answers-credential that provides title protection, determines scope of practice (who
NPs can see and what NPs can treat) for those licensed to practice as a professional in that specialty.
- "voluntary" process granted by a nongovernmental association or organization, and certification is now
mandated in most states in the United States as a condition of licensure.
Process by which a professional organization or association (ANCC for PMHNPs) certifies that an
individual has met certain predetermined standards specified by that profession for specialty practice.
standards of practice correct answersAuthoritative statements regarding the quality & type of practice
that should be provided
Provides a way to judge the nature of care provide, the expectations for care, and reflects professional
agreement focused on the minimum levels of acceptable performance.
Can be used legally to describe the standard of care that must be met by a provider.
What is confidentiality? correct answersThe patient's right to assume that information given to the
healthcare provider will not be disclosed.
What laws cover patient confidentiality? correct answers1. Medical Record Confidentiality Act of 1996:
protected under federal statue through the (pertaining to verbal and written patient information.
Requires provider to discuss confidentiality issues with patients, establish consent, and clarify any
questions about disclosure of information, and to obtain signed medical authorization and consent form
to release medical records and info when requested by the patient or another HCP.
2. HIPPA: guarantees patients 4 fundamental rights: a) to be educated about HIPAA privacy protection, b)
to have access to their own medical records, c) to request amendment of their health information to
which they object, and d) to require their permission for disclosure of their personal information
,3. Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH) 2009: Promotes
electronic health record use (and meaningful incentives) and sharing information to improve individual
and population-based outcomes.
What is informed consent? What are the elements of informed consent? correct answersAn explanation
of relevant information that enables the patient to make an appropriate and informed decision to accept
or reject a proposed treatment. Includes:
1. Nature and purpose of proposed treatment or procedure
2. Risks or discomforts and benefits of treatment
3. Risks and benefits of not undergoing treatment
4. Alternative procedures or treatments
5. Diagnosis and prognosis
Provider must document that informed consent has been obtained from patient. PMNP is responsible
for ensuring the patient is cognitively capable of giving informed consent.
What is an ethical dilemma correct answers1. Occurs in a situation which there are two or more
justifiable alternatives.
2. Occurs when the choice is made to promote good
Harm reduction approach: which option sacrifices the fewest high-priority values?
What are the ethics of disclosure by providers? correct answersPatients have a right to know what is
happening during the course of their treatment.
Providers have an ethical responsibility to disclose medical errors, accidents, injuries, and negative
results to patients.
As a result of disclosure, a patient may have legal right to compensation for harm suffered due to
medical misadventures.
,How does the Americans with Disabilities Act protect employees, and what are the drawbacks? correct
answersADA: employers (with 15 or more employees) are required to make reasonable accommodations
for qualified applicants or employees with a disability (including mental illness), and provides protection
for qualified individuals in hiring, firing, advancement, job training, compensation, and workplace
conditions.
What is competency? correct answersA legal (not medical) concept: a determination (by a court) that a
person can make reasonable judgments and decisions regarding treatment and other health concerns. A
person is considered competent until a court rles the person to be incompetent, in which case a court-
appointed guardian will make health-related decisions for that person.
What is commitment? What are the basic criteria (4) correct answersProcess of involuntarily forcing a
person to receive evaluation or treatment. Process differs between states. Basic criteria:
1) Person has a DIAGNOSED psych disorder, 2) is HARMFUL TO SELF OR OTHERS as a consequence of the
disorder;
3) is UNAWARE OR UNWILLING to accept the nature and severity of the disorder; 4) TREATMENT is likely
to improve functioning.
Advanced Directives: What is appropriate for relapse planning: Living will or Durable Power of Attorney
for healthcare? correct answersDurable Power of Attorney for Healthcare (healthcare proxy): Designates
a specific agent to act on behalf of person should he/she become unable to make healthcare decisions,
and covers other aspects e.g. financial decisions during the illness. Use for relapse planning for patient
with chronic psych disorders.
Living Will: only designates preferences for care if patient becomes incompetent or terminally ill.
Varies from state to state whether legally binding.
Describe the Team Leadership Model correct answersDecision 1: should leader monitor the team or take
action?
- seek out information to understand the team
- analyze information
- interpret the information and decide how to act
Decision 2: should leader intervene to meet task or relational need?
, - performance functions
- team functions
Decision 3: should leader intervene internally or externally?
- assess for conflicts between group members (action to maintain group performance)
- assess for unclear goals
- assess for proper support
reflective practice correct answers1. Reflection uses a model or framework to systematical "make sense
of experience" (Sherwood & Horton-Deutch)
2. Process to tell a story abut self and others to gain insight into practice
3. Enhances critical thinking to problem-solve and enhance clinical reasoning & decision-making
4. Links theory and practice.
critical thinking correct answersAcquisition of knowledge through deliberate inquiry.
Making clinical decisions based on EBP (decreases difficulty choosing from conflicting or multiple
recommendations when diagnosing/treating)
Develops self-awareness through metacognitive process to gain new insights about self & in relation to
self and others
(OK, I know this is psychobabble - I just need to be able to use their language to pass the exam!!!!)
What does mental health promotion and education include? correct answersTeaching about
interventions and ways to cope with specific stressors
Validating "normalcy" of feelings, ensuring patients they are not "crazy"
Helping patients recognize & identify their feelings or behaviors
credentialing correct answersProcess used to protect the public by ensuring a minimum level of
professional competence
certification correct answers-credential that provides title protection, determines scope of practice (who
NPs can see and what NPs can treat) for those licensed to practice as a professional in that specialty.
- "voluntary" process granted by a nongovernmental association or organization, and certification is now
mandated in most states in the United States as a condition of licensure.
Process by which a professional organization or association (ANCC for PMHNPs) certifies that an
individual has met certain predetermined standards specified by that profession for specialty practice.
standards of practice correct answersAuthoritative statements regarding the quality & type of practice
that should be provided
Provides a way to judge the nature of care provide, the expectations for care, and reflects professional
agreement focused on the minimum levels of acceptable performance.
Can be used legally to describe the standard of care that must be met by a provider.
What is confidentiality? correct answersThe patient's right to assume that information given to the
healthcare provider will not be disclosed.
What laws cover patient confidentiality? correct answers1. Medical Record Confidentiality Act of 1996:
protected under federal statue through the (pertaining to verbal and written patient information.
Requires provider to discuss confidentiality issues with patients, establish consent, and clarify any
questions about disclosure of information, and to obtain signed medical authorization and consent form
to release medical records and info when requested by the patient or another HCP.
2. HIPPA: guarantees patients 4 fundamental rights: a) to be educated about HIPAA privacy protection, b)
to have access to their own medical records, c) to request amendment of their health information to
which they object, and d) to require their permission for disclosure of their personal information
,3. Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH) 2009: Promotes
electronic health record use (and meaningful incentives) and sharing information to improve individual
and population-based outcomes.
What is informed consent? What are the elements of informed consent? correct answersAn explanation
of relevant information that enables the patient to make an appropriate and informed decision to accept
or reject a proposed treatment. Includes:
1. Nature and purpose of proposed treatment or procedure
2. Risks or discomforts and benefits of treatment
3. Risks and benefits of not undergoing treatment
4. Alternative procedures or treatments
5. Diagnosis and prognosis
Provider must document that informed consent has been obtained from patient. PMNP is responsible
for ensuring the patient is cognitively capable of giving informed consent.
What is an ethical dilemma correct answers1. Occurs in a situation which there are two or more
justifiable alternatives.
2. Occurs when the choice is made to promote good
Harm reduction approach: which option sacrifices the fewest high-priority values?
What are the ethics of disclosure by providers? correct answersPatients have a right to know what is
happening during the course of their treatment.
Providers have an ethical responsibility to disclose medical errors, accidents, injuries, and negative
results to patients.
As a result of disclosure, a patient may have legal right to compensation for harm suffered due to
medical misadventures.
,How does the Americans with Disabilities Act protect employees, and what are the drawbacks? correct
answersADA: employers (with 15 or more employees) are required to make reasonable accommodations
for qualified applicants or employees with a disability (including mental illness), and provides protection
for qualified individuals in hiring, firing, advancement, job training, compensation, and workplace
conditions.
What is competency? correct answersA legal (not medical) concept: a determination (by a court) that a
person can make reasonable judgments and decisions regarding treatment and other health concerns. A
person is considered competent until a court rles the person to be incompetent, in which case a court-
appointed guardian will make health-related decisions for that person.
What is commitment? What are the basic criteria (4) correct answersProcess of involuntarily forcing a
person to receive evaluation or treatment. Process differs between states. Basic criteria:
1) Person has a DIAGNOSED psych disorder, 2) is HARMFUL TO SELF OR OTHERS as a consequence of the
disorder;
3) is UNAWARE OR UNWILLING to accept the nature and severity of the disorder; 4) TREATMENT is likely
to improve functioning.
Advanced Directives: What is appropriate for relapse planning: Living will or Durable Power of Attorney
for healthcare? correct answersDurable Power of Attorney for Healthcare (healthcare proxy): Designates
a specific agent to act on behalf of person should he/she become unable to make healthcare decisions,
and covers other aspects e.g. financial decisions during the illness. Use for relapse planning for patient
with chronic psych disorders.
Living Will: only designates preferences for care if patient becomes incompetent or terminally ill.
Varies from state to state whether legally binding.
Describe the Team Leadership Model correct answersDecision 1: should leader monitor the team or take
action?
- seek out information to understand the team
- analyze information
- interpret the information and decide how to act
Decision 2: should leader intervene to meet task or relational need?
, - performance functions
- team functions
Decision 3: should leader intervene internally or externally?
- assess for conflicts between group members (action to maintain group performance)
- assess for unclear goals
- assess for proper support
reflective practice correct answers1. Reflection uses a model or framework to systematical "make sense
of experience" (Sherwood & Horton-Deutch)
2. Process to tell a story abut self and others to gain insight into practice
3. Enhances critical thinking to problem-solve and enhance clinical reasoning & decision-making
4. Links theory and practice.
critical thinking correct answersAcquisition of knowledge through deliberate inquiry.
Making clinical decisions based on EBP (decreases difficulty choosing from conflicting or multiple
recommendations when diagnosing/treating)
Develops self-awareness through metacognitive process to gain new insights about self & in relation to
self and others
(OK, I know this is psychobabble - I just need to be able to use their language to pass the exam!!!!)
What does mental health promotion and education include? correct answersTeaching about
interventions and ways to cope with specific stressors
Validating "normalcy" of feelings, ensuring patients they are not "crazy"
Helping patients recognize & identify their feelings or behaviors
