Summary Understanding plane & axis in biology: basic, types and differences of plane and axis
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Course
ZOOL 102
Institution
ZOOL 102
This note provides the basics of planes and symmetry in biology with proper figures and diagram. It also includes brief description about the different types of plane in symmetry found in animal body, also with the difference between planes and symmetry.
Plane & axis
Plane: A plane of symmetry is a plane that cuts a 3D figure into equal halves such
that the reflection of half of the object across the plane is the mirror image of the
other half.
Axis: The axis of symmetry is the axis around which the body preserves
its shape when rotated.
1. Plane of Symmetry:
a. In zoology, a "plane of symmetry" refers to an imaginary flat surface that
divides an organism or a body part into two approximately mirror-image
halves. This plane passes through the organism's body, dividing it into left
and right halves.
b. The plane of symmetry is a fundamental concept in describing the symmetry
of animals. It helps classify animals based on their symmetry characteristics.
c. For example, animals with bilateral symmetry have a single plane of
symmetry dividing them into two similar halves, such as humans, butterflies,
and dogs.
2. Axis:
a. In zoology, an "axis" typically refers to an imaginary line or structure around
which body parts or structures are organized or arranged. It represents a
central line or orientation within an organism's body.
b. While the plane of symmetry divides an organism into symmetrical halves,
the axis provides a reference point or line around which symmetrical
structures are arranged.
c. The axis can refer to different orientations or directions within an organism,
such as the anterior-posterior axis (head to tail), the dorsal-ventral axis (back
to belly), or the left-right axis.
d. Understanding the axis helps describe the overall organization and
orientation of an organism's body plan.
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