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NURSADN5: Exam Review #1 Study Guide (Qs & As)
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NURSADN5: Exam Review #1 Study Guide (Qs & As)
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NURSADN5: Exam Review #1 Study Guide (Qs & As)What is Piaget's *Theory of Cognitive Development*? Right Ans - The
theory of the way in which infants and children actively try to organize and
make sense of their world
List the *four* stages of Piaget's Theory of *Cognitive Development*: Right
Ans - Sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational
Sensorimotor Stage Right Ans - *Age 0-2*; Stage during which infants know
the world mostly in terms of their sensory impressions and motor activities.
Preoperational Stage Right Ans - *Age 2-6/7*; Stage during which a child
learns to use language but does not yet comprehend the mental operations of
concrete logic.
Concrete Operational Stage Right Ans - *Age 7-11/12*; Stage during which
children gain the mental operations that enable them to think logically about
concrete events
Formal Operational Stage Right Ans - *Age 12+*; Stage during which
people begin to think logically about abstract concepts
What is Erikson's *Theory of Psychosocial Development*? Right Ans -
Theory that considers how individuals come to understand themselves and
the meaning of others and their own behavior
What are the *eight* stages to Erikson's *Theory of Psychosocial
Development*? Right Ans - 1. Trust vs mistrust
2. Autonomy vs shame/doubt
3. Initiative vs guilt
4. Industry vs inferiority
5. Identity vs role confusion
6. Intimacy vs isolation
7. Generativity vs stagnation
8. Integrity vs despair
Stage One: Trust vs. Mistrust Right Ans - *Age 0-1*; Infants learn to trust
when they are cared for in a consistent warm manner
,Stage Two: Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt Right Ans - *Age 1-3*; Children
become self-sufficient in activities (toileting, feeding, walking, talking) or
doubt themselves in their abilities
Stage Three: Initiative vs. Guilt Right Ans - *Age 3-6*; Children want to
undertake adult like activities or internalize limits set by parents. They feel
adventurous or guilty in wanting to try new things
Stage Four: Industry vs. Inferiority Right Ans - *Age 6-11*; Children learn
new skills or they feel inferior; Goal is to build self confidence in abilities
Stage Five: Identity vs. Role Confusion Right Ans - *Age 13-19*; (*Most
crucial*) Teens struggle with identity crisis, if healthy experimentation is
fostered they attain identity achievement; if not, they face insecurity and low
self-worth
Stage Six: Intimacy vs. Isolation Right Ans - *Age 20-40*; Young adults seek
companionship or love or become isolated from others fearing rejection or
disappointment
Stage Seven: Generativity vs. Stagnation Right Ans - *Age 40-60*; Middle-
aged adults contribute to the next generation thru meaningful work, raising a
family, or they stagnate
Stage Eight: Integrity vs. Despair Right Ans - *Age 60+*; Involves
reevaluating what we one's life and determining if there is a sense of
accomplishment and acceptance (sense of integrity), otherwise we experience
gloom and doubt.
Regression: Right Ans - Psychoanalytic defense mechanism in which an
individual faced with anxiety retreats to a more infantile psychosexual stage,
where some psychic energy remains fixated
Which event might cause a toddler to enter a stage of *regression*?
A. Birth of a new sibling
B. Losing a toy
C. Learning how to ride a tricycle
, D. Meeting a new friend Right Ans - A. Birth of a new sibling
*Temper Tantrums in Toddlers:* Right Ans - -Normal part of development
-Ignore unwanted behavior (except biting/hitting)
-Avoid disruption in routine
*Temper Tantrums in Toddlers:*
To avoid temper tantrums, what is *most important* in the care of a toddler?
A. Maintaining their mood through appealing toys, foods, etc.
B. Providing them with 30 minutes of interactive play each day
C. Allow them to pick out their own outfits
D. Maintain a routine that can be followed each day Right Ans - D. Maintain
a routine that can be followed each day
*Routine is key! This allows a child to know what to expect and reduces the
chances of outbursts or fits*
*Pediatric Communication:*
What is Receptive Language? Right Ans - The ability to understand what is
said to and about them
*Pediatric Communication:*
What is Telegraphic Speech? Right Ans - A child speaks like a telegram such
as, "Go car", using mostly nouns and verbs
*Pediatric Communication:*
What is Echolalia? Right Ans - Automatic and immediate repetition of what
others say
What is *most important* when attempting to effectively communicate with a
pediatric patient? Right Ans - "Meeting them on their level"; Using words
and tools that they can understand easily
*Normal growth Rates - Birth to 1 year of Age:*
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