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MED SURG 1211 EXAM 1 Questions & 100% Correct Answers- Latest Test | Graded A+ | Passed $13.49   Add to cart

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MED SURG 1211 EXAM 1 Questions & 100% Correct Answers- Latest Test | Graded A+ | Passed

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Intracranial pressure (ICP) -:- -pressure exerted by the volume of the intracranial contents within the cranial vault; brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). *Monroe-Kellie Doctorine*- foundation for understand increased ICP -changes in volume in one component must reciprocate c...

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  • September 4, 2024
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MED SURG 1211 EXAM 1 Questions & 100%
Correct Answers- Latest Test | Graded A+ |
Passed
Intracranial pressure (ICP)


✓ -:- -pressure exerted by the volume of the intracranial contents within the cranial

vault; brain tissue, blood, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).

*Monroe-Kellie Doctorine*- foundation for understand increased ICP


-changes in volume in one component must reciprocate change in other components




What is normal ICP? Why must the volume remain constant?


✓ -:- -Normal ICP= 0-15 mmHg

-The fixed nature of the skull is reason the volume of its contents must remain constant




Examples of structural disruption: *5*


✓ -:- head injury

brain tumor


intracranial hemorrhage


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,2024 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain | Excel!




infection


stroke




The presence of space-occupying lesions will cause..


✓ -:- -compression or displacement of the other componentgs




hematoma


tumors


edema


hydrocephalus




Compensatory mechanisms to maintain normal ICP:


✓ -:- 1. Changing the volume of the CSF by decreasing production or altering

absorption

2. Compression of brain tissue


3. Alterations in blood volume caused by local changes in cerebral vasculature, cerebral

perfusion pressure, and cerebral blood flow


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,2024 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain | Excel!




Cerebral blood flow:


✓ -:- -the amount of blood that passes through 100g of brain tissue in 1 minute.

*Normal CBF= 50mL/min/100g bran tissue*


*autoregulation




Autoregulation:


✓ -:- -the brain's ability to alter its blood flow in response to its need for oxygen and

glucose

-also by which brain can alter its vasculature to accommodate for changes in ICP




cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)


✓ -:- -the pressure gradient that drives CBF to provide adequate blood flow to the

brain

*autoregulation*




Elevated ICPs are defined as:


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, 2024 /2025 | © copyright | This work may not be copied for profit gain | Excel!




✓ -:- -those sustained at greater than 20 mmHg.




*At approximately 25 mmHg, increased ICPs begin to manifest as decreased CBF,

decreased CPP, and distortion of brain tissue.*




Drivers of increased ICP include:


✓ -:- o The vasodilatory cascade, triggered by hypoxia

o Ischemia in acute brain injury




Conditions that can cause increased ICP include:


✓ -:- o Craniocerebral trauma

o Vascular abnormalities


o Tumors


o Edema




Cerebral edema:




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