BIO 253: Exam 5 Review (Ch. 12-14) Exam Questions With Verified
6 views 0 purchase
Course
Bio 253
Institution
Bio 253
BIO 253: Exam 5 Review (Ch. 12-14) Exam
Questions With Verified
Neuroglia - answercells that support the activities of neurons
central nervous system
and peripheral nervous system - answerwhat are the two subdivision of the nervous system
neurology - answerdeals with normal functioning and dis...
BIO 253: Exam 5 Review (Ch. 12-14) Exam
Questions With Verified
Neuroglia - answer✔✔cells that support the activities of neurons
central nervous system
and peripheral nervous system - answer✔✔what are the two subdivision of the nervous system
neurology - answer✔✔deals with normal functioning and disorders of the nervous system
neurologist - answer✔✔a physician who diagnosis and treats disorders of the nervous system
central nervous system - answer✔✔consists of the brain and the spinal cord; processes many
different kinds of incoming sensory information; the source of thoughts, emotions, and
memories. Most signals that stimulate muscles to contract and glands to secrete originate here
peripheral nervous system - answer✔✔consists of all nervous tissue outside of the brain and the
spinal cord; includes nerves and sensory receptors.
nerve - answer✔✔a bundle of hundreds of thousands of axons plus associated connective tissue
and blood vessels that lies outside the brain and spinal cord.
12 - answer✔✔how many cranial nerves are there?
31 - answer✔✔how many pairs of spinal cord nerves are there?
sensory receptor - answer✔✔a structure of the nervous system that monitors changes in external
or internal environment.
sensory and motor - answer✔✔what are the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system
sensory (afferent) division - answer✔✔conveys input into the CNS from sensory receptors in the
body. Provides the CNS sensory information about the somatic senses and special senses
somatic nervous system (SNS) - answer✔✔conveys output from the CNS to skeletal muscles
only; motor responses can be consciously controlled, the action of this part of the PNS is
voluntary.
autonomic nervous system (ANS) - answer✔✔conveys output from the CNS to smooth muscles,
cardiac muscles, and glands; motor responses are not consciously controlled, the action of this
part of the PNS is involuntary.
sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system - answer✔✔what are the two subdivision of the autonomic
nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system - answer✔✔takes care of the "rest and digest" activities
sympathetic nervous system - answer✔✔helps support exercise or emergency actions- the so
called "fight or flight" responses.
enteric nervous system - answer✔✔third part of the autonomic nervous system; confined to the
walls of the gastrointestinal tract. Helps regulate the activity of the smooth muscles and glands of
the GI tract. Can function independently, but is also regulated by other branches in the ANS.
sensory
integrative
motor - answer✔✔what are the three main functions of the nervous system
sensory function - answer✔✔sensory receptors detect internal stimuli, such as an increase in
blood pressure, or external stimuli (raindrop falling on your skin). this sensory information is
then carried into the brain and spinal cord through cranial and spinal nerves
integrative function - answer✔✔the nervous system processes sensory information by analyzing
it and making decisions for appropriate responses
motor function - answer✔✔once sensory information is integrated, the nervous system may elect
an appropriate motor response by activating effectors through cranial and spinal nerves.
stimulation of the effectors causes muscles to contract and glands to secrete.
hormones - answer✔✔endocrine cells release tiny amounts of chemicals into circulating fluids;
produce varying effects; target = virtually all body cells (but most have receptors); generally
control growth and metabolism
nerves - answer✔✔timing for responses is milliseconds; utilize highly specialized cells; carry
electrochemical impulses. high energy expenditure. generally monitor external environment and
respond
85 billion - answer✔✔how many neurons does the brain have
100 million - answer✔✔how many neurons does the spinal cord have
enteric plexuses - answer✔✔in walls of GI tract organs; neuron networks that help aid digestive
regulations
neurons - answer✔✔conductive cells in nervous tissue
ganglia - answer✔✔collections of neuron cell bodies outside the CNS
nuclei - answer✔✔collections of gray matter (neuron cell bodies) inside of the CNS
nerve - answer✔✔bundled icons together within the PNS
tracts - answer✔✔axons running together within the CNS
effectors - answer✔✔muscles or glands
neurons and neuroglia - answer✔✔what are the two types of cells that comprise nervous tissue
neuroglia - answer✔✔support, nourish, and protect neurons; maintain the interstitial fluid that
bathes them.
neurons - answer✔✔possess electrical excitability
electrical excitability - answer✔✔the ability to respond to the stimulus and convert it into an
action potential.
stimulus - answer✔✔any change in the environment that is strong enough to initiate an action
potential.
action potential - answer✔✔a nerve impulse; an electrical signal that travels along the surface of
the membrane of a neuron
the movement of ions between interstitial fluid and the inside of a neuron through specific ion
channels in its plasma membrane - answer✔✔how does an action potential travel?
cell body
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Brightstars. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
