nremt prep 2023 p.c.e.m.s.
The way to open a patients airway
open the airway- head tilt, chin lift(scientific calls) jaw thrust manuever ( trauma). Clear the
airway suction rquired 15 secs nostril to ear jaw to ear opa/npa. Ventilate bvm 15 at 15 lpm
every 5 to six secs e/c grip
what's the difference among nasal cannaula, non re breather masks, bag valve mask?
Nasal canauala- o2 1-6lpm( low 02 but mild signs). Non re breather - 02 15 lpm resp distress
w/low spo2. Bag valve masks- ventilation, 15 lpm unable to manage very own airway,
maximum generally unresponsive w / low rr
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what are the three important lung sounds?
Wheezing aka constriction: bronchial asthma anaphylaxis copd. Rhonchi: pheumonia(
infection/mucus) Rales: Chf (fluid)
What is stridor and its major causes:?
1. Croup 2. Epiglottis three. Foriegn body air manner obstruction four. Inhalation burn 5.
Anaphylaxis 6. High moi/ trauma
what is allergies?
1.Bronchoconstriction, mucus 2.Smoking hypersensitive reactions, physical excertion.
3wheezing cough w/ tighthess in chest acceleratory muscle tissues use hard time exhaling.
4. How to deal with it ? Oxygen nrb masks ninety four-ninety nine% spo2/ cpap five-10 cm
h20
,What is anaphylaxis?
Hypersensitive reaction- one frame machine vs anaphylaxis- 2 or greater frame structures.
Severe allergic responses, that can be life threating. 1. Signal and signs bugs bees, meals,
medications 2.Stridor, wheezing, hives, nasuea/ vomitting 3. Epinepherine- pen zero.3 mg im
or jr 0.15 mg im ( oxygen and albuterol)
what are forms of copd?
Chronic bronchitis: blue bloaters. Obese. Efficient cough. Excessive mucus. Tight airlines.
Emphysema: pink puffers. Skinny barrel chest. Cough most effective. Pursed lip breathing.
Non elastic alveoli.
What is copd and a way to deal with it?
Chronic respitory disesase , bronchoristiction, mucus, production, destruction of the alveoli
smoking, irrants, shipyards. 2. Wheezing, rhonchi, issue respiratory, tightness of the chest,
low spo2. The way to treat it- oxygen get affected person lower back to 94% sp02, albuterol,
cpap five-10 cm h20
What is pulminary embolism?
1. Thrombisis aka "lung assault" in the pulminary atteries. 2. Risk elements- lengthy rides/
journey, surgical procedure, cancer, pregnancy, delivery manipulate use, people who smoke.
3. Quick of breath, chest pain, tachycardia, hypoxia. Four. Oxygen at 15lpm, keep ninety
four-ninety nine% speedy transport. Five. Transmit 12 lead ekg
what's chf and a way to treat it?
1. Chf is whilst the heart fails as a pump, pulmonary edema may be existence threatening. 2.
Smoking, diabetes, hypertension, high ldl cholesterol. Three. Rales bilateraly, jvd, crimson
sputum with cough, hypertension. Four. Oxygen( improve spo2) 12 lead ekg ( transmit) cpap
10 cm h20 ( 5-10 cm h20)
what are sorts of angina and what is there signs and signs and symptoms?
Solid angina- stops w/ relaxation. Risky angina- persists even w/ relaxation. Constriction of
clot aka prinzmetal angina. Plaques in blood clot aka myocardial infraction.
What is a myocardial infarction and what's the symptoms and signs and symptoms?
Better called a coronary heart attack. 1. Mi is while a coronary artery is blocked, inflicting no
blood flow to the coronary heart muscle. 2. People who smoke, diabetes, at age 50+, high
blood pressure, high ldl cholesterol. 3. Crushing chest ache, left arm pain/ shoulder/ jaw/
nausea/ vomitting, weak point/ malaise, returned ache. 4. To treat it oxygen, goal 94% or
better, asprin 324mg. Assist w/ nitroglycerin/ transmit 12 lead ekg
what are the important pulse factors?
, 1.Temporal pulse- temple of the pinnacle pulse. 2.Carotid pulse- side of neck pulse. Three.
Apicial pulse- top left collar bone pusle. Four. Brachial pulse- left arm underneath bicep
pulse. Five radial pulse- left wrist pulse. 6. Femoral pulse- the groin pulse. 7. Popliteal pulse-
again of the knee pulse. Eight. Posterior tibial- interior of the ankle. 9. Dorsalis pedis- top of
the foot pulse
what's a stroke ( cerebrovascular accident)? Aka a mind attack
1. Blockage/ hemorrage of cerebral artery that resources blood to the mind. 2. Smoking,
diabetes , hypertension, artical fibrillation, previous stroke/ clot. Three. Balance does it
appaer normal? Eye vision/ nygstamous, facial slump? Arm drift? Speech, time final
appeared normal (3-four.Five hr tpa)
what's a stomach aortic aneurysm?
1. Tear / rupture of the aorta. 2. Cardiac risk elements: smoking superior age
diabities-chf-guys 60-70 years antique. 3. Unexplained hypotension, light skin, abdominal,
syncope, btradycardia. Four. Oxygen iv fluids, rapid delivery (als)
outline cardiac tamponade?
Is a penetraing trauma to the chest like a stabbing or shooting occasion therefore inflicting
tears inside the coronary heart chamber partitions
define commotio cordis?
This is a condition that involes the patient being hit via an object square into the heart this
trauma ends in surprising demise and ventricular traumatic inflammation
What is Beck's triad?
Hypotension, Muffled Heart Sounds, JVD, narrowing pulse stress
what's a tension pneumothorax?
Collasping of a lung due to trauma taht resukts in hypotension. 2. Disturbing danger, skinny,
young guys. Three. Absent/ dimished lung sounds, unlaterally, hypotension, jvd, issue
respiratory, sharp chest ache. 4. Oxygen, nrb masks, get spo2 above ninety four%
a way to deal with tension pneumothorax?
Three sided drrssing, allow air escape not more air enter. Bvm ventaliations, if patient cant
manipulate airway, the postive pressure will help.
Define the 3 burn stages?
1st degree- just like sunburn (dermis most effective) 2. 2d degree burn- partial
thickness-most painful as its deep however nerves still in tact ( epoidermis, portial epidermis)
