Pediatric airway is exceptional due to the fact... - ANSsmaller jaw
large tongue
cricoid cartilage is narrowest a part of airway
epiglottis is rounder and floppier
breathing is... - ANSthe change of gases among organisms and it is environment
ventilation is.... - ANSthe mechanical system of shifting air IN and OUT of the lungs
Pulmonary Circulation is... - ANSthe perfusion of O2 and CO2
Diffusion... - ANSmovement of fuel from an area of HIGHER CONCENTRATION to region of
lower concentration
Diffusion transfers gases among??? - ANSLUNGS and BLOOD
and
BLOOD and PERIPHERAL TISSUES
Normal arterial pressures - ANSoxygen(PaO2)=a hundred torr
Carbon dioxide(PaCO2)=35-forty five avg.=forty
SPO2 and ETCO2 - ANSSPO2=94-100
ETCO2=forty
, Factors affecting O2 concentration in Blood... - ANSdecreased hemoglobin concentration
inadequate alveolar air flow
reduced diffusion across pulmonary membrane, when diffusion distance increases, or
pulmonary membrane modifications
Ventilation/perfusion mismatch takes place while portion of alveoli collapses
Factors affecting CO2 concentrations in Blood... - ANSLowers CO2 tiers are due to
expanded breathing rates or deeper respiration or hyperventilation
and
Higher CO2 ranges are resulting from: fever, muscle exertion, shivering, or metabolic
techniques ensuing in the formation of metabolic acids
So, a pt. W/ a PaCO2 of 30 can be... - ANSALKALOTIC for this reason lowering respiratory
price...
Respiratory Rate - ANSis INVOLUNTARY but can be VOLUNTARILY controlled.
Chemical and bodily mechanisms provide involuntary impulses to accurate respiratory
irregularities
chemoreceptors are located in... - ANScarotid bodies
arch of the aorta
and medulla
baroreceptors in carotid artery - ANSregulate BP
inspired by way of decreased PaCO2, increased PaCO2, and decreased PH
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)pH - ANSprimary manage of breathing center
primary respiration middle - ANSmedulla
(neurons in medulla initiate impulses that produce respiratory)
apneustic middle - ANSassumes breathing manage if the medulla fails to provoke impluse
pneumotaxic center - ANScontrols respiratory
Stretch receptors (HERING BREUER REFLEX) - ANSprevents over expansion of the lungs
Normal respiratory rates: - ANSadults: 12-20
pedi: 18-24
infant: 40-60
airway obstruction due to: - ANSforeign bodies
trauma
laryngeal spasm
edema
aspiration
MOST COMMON OBSTRUCTION: YOUR TONGUE...
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