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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE HEMATOPOIETIC SYSTEM EXAM
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE HEMATOPOIETICSYSTEM EXAM 2024-2025
Major functional components of the hematopoietic system - ANSWER blood, bone
marrow, and the immune system
Blood consists of - ANSWER plasma, red blood cells, platelets, and white blood
cells
Stem cells - ANSWER are produced by bone marrow after birth and reside in the
blood and immune system tissues
erythrocytes - ANSWER Red blood cells
The principle function of erythrocytes - ANSWER oxygen transport
Millions of erythrocytes are removed from the circulation ____ by phagocytes in
the ____ and ____ - ANSWER hourly, spleen, liver
The most important product of the lytic process is - ANSWER iron
The major product of the lytic process is - ANSWER bilirubin
Platelets - ANSWER fragments of bone marrow that participate in the blood
clotting process. They are short-lived and must be replaced continuously
leukocytes - ANSWER white blood cells
types of leukocytes - ANSWER granulocytes, lymphocytes, and monocytes
granulocytes - ANSWER short-lived and reside in the blood
lymphocytes - ANSWER differentiate after leaving the bone marrow into various
cells that are involved with immunity
monocytes - ANSWER differentiate after leaving the bone marrow into various
cells that are involved with combating inflammation, removing debris, and
immunity
, Most symptoms of the hematopoietic system are - ANSWER non-specific (caused
by diseases of other systems
Signs and symptoms of hematopoietic disease - ANSWER petechiae, nosebleeds,
ecchymosis, skin pallor
petechiae - ANSWER tiny red dots on skin or mucosa
ecchymosis - ANSWER large area of hemorrhage into skin
What is found with severe anemia? - ANSWER skin pallor
hematocrit - ANSWER the volume of RBCs, expressed as a %, compared to other
blood elements
normal hematocrit values for females - ANSWER 37-49%
normal hematocrit values for males - ANSWER 40-54%
decreased hematocrit - ANSWER anemia
increased hematocrit - ANSWER polychythemia
hemoglobin - ANSWER measured by determining the amount in grams per
deciliter (g/dL) of blood
normal haemoglobin values for females - ANSWER 12.3-16.2 g/dL
normal haemoglobin values for males - ANSWER 14.1-18.0 g/dL
decreased haemoglobin - ANSWER anaemia
increased haemoglobin - ANSWER polycythemia
RBC count - ANSWER the number of RBCs per cubic millilitre of blood
normal RBC count values for females - ANSWER 4.2-5.6 million/mL^3
normal RBC count values for males - ANSWER 4.7-6.1 million/mL^3
decreased RBC count - ANSWER anaemia
increased RBC count - ANSWER polycythemia
What is a blood smear test used for? - ANSWER it is a quick way to estimate RBC
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