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EOSC 114_ EARTHQUAKES EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS $10.49   Add to cart

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EOSC 114_ EARTHQUAKES EXAM WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS

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  • EOSC 114

earthquakes... associated with rupture of a fault accumulated stress released as seismic energy seismic waves radiate causes shaking 3 types of stress COMPRESSION -- convergent forces opposite towards each other TENSION -- divergent forces opposite opposite direction from each ot...

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  • September 5, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • EOSC 114
  • EOSC 114
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EOSC 114: EARTHQUAKES EXAM WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS




earthquakes... - ANSWER- associated with rupture of a fault
accumulated stress released as seismic energy
seismic waves radiate
causes shaking

3 types of stress - ANSWER- COMPRESSION -- convergent
forces opposite
towards each other

TENSION -- divergent
forces opposite
opposite direction from each other

SHEAR/TRANSVERSE -- transform
forces opposite
parallel across a plane

3 types of strain - ANSWER- STRAIN is DEFORMATION -- under stress

ELASTIC: temporary, reversible
DUCTILE: plastic flow, permanent
BRITTLE: breaks, permanent

controlled by:
temperature, pressure, speed, duration

depends on:
how it's applied, temperature, material properties

faults - ANSWER- FAULT: large brittle fracture

, -- point of origin for most earthquakes

hanging wall -- above fault
foot wall -- below fault

normal - ANSWER- divergent - tension - weakest

blocks move away from each other
hanging wall moves DOWN relative to footwall
caused by tension
shallow foci -- thin crust

reverse/thrust - ANSWER- convergent, compression, strongest

blocks move towards each other
hanging wall moves UP -- gets smaller & push
compression -- shortening and thickening
low angle thrust
shallow to deep foci

transverse/strike-slip - ANSWER- transform, shear, moderate

lateral, not vertical (like traffic on a highway)
horizontal motion
no extension/shortening
shallow foci

global distribution of earthquakes - ANSWER- along plate boundaries / fault lines
frequency decreases with magnitude

which faults are most common at which types of plate boundary - ANSWER-
CONVERGENT: subduction/collision, reverse/thrust fault
force: compression
deep, m8-9.7, infrequent, plate interface, overriding plate, depends on
vulnerability

DIVERGENT: normal fault
force: tension
shallow (<30km), m6, frequent lil quakes, mid ocean, low risk

TRANSFORM: strike slip

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