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RCC EXAM #2 (LATEST) QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS!!
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RCC EXAM #2 (LATEST) QUESTIONS WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS!!
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RCC EXAM #2(LATEST)
QUESTIONS
WITH 100%
CORRECT
Evatee 9/5/24 RCC
,RCC EXAM #2 (LATEST) QUESTIONS WITH
100% CORRECT ANSWERS!!
What are the four factors needed to qualify a patient to be diagnosed with
ARDS? Answer - - PaO2 / FiO2 ratio < 200 (hypoxemia)
- Bilateral infiltrates on CXR
- An acute illness associated with the development of ARDS
- No evidence of CHF (non-cardiogenic / non-hydrostatic pulmonary edema)
What is happening to the alveoli during ARDS (pathophysiology)? Answer - -
Insult - systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), direct or indirect
insult
- Release of inflammatory mediators (due to lung injury)
- Damage to alveolar-capillary membrane - the alveolar-capillary begins to leak
- Increased capillary permeability
- Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema - injury to the vascular endothelium
and/or alveolar epithelium.
The injury to the alveoli in ARDS causes what lung mechanic issues? Answer -
Restrictive physiology, reduced lung compliance, and refractory hypoxemia,
which are largely the result of the accumulation of interstitial and alveolar
fluid.
What is the exudative phase of ARDS? Answer - - Characterized by diffuse
damage to alveoli and blood vessels and influx of inflammatory cells into
interstitium
, - Type I pneumocytes are destroyed
- Patients have profound dyspnea, tachypnea, and refractory hypoxemia
What fibro-proliferative phase of ARDS? Answer - - Inflammatory injury is
followed by repair
- Lung remodeling following ARDS is variable
- Extent of recovery depends on severity of initial lung injury and influence of
secondary forms (iatrogenic or nosocomial) of injury
- Secondary forms of lung injury include nosocomial infection, O2 toxicity, and
barotrauma
What are the different levels of hypoxemia? Answer - - Normal = 80 to 100 mm
Hg
- Mild = 60 to 79 mm Hg
- Moderate = 40 to 59 mm Hg
- Severe = < 40 mm Hg
What is refractory hypoxemia? Answer - Exists when PaO2 cannot be
maintained at greater than 50 to 60 mm Hg with FiO2 of 0.50 or greater.
What are the key points of organ support for patients with ARDS? Answer -
Minimize delirium (Treat anxiety and pain and Promote patient awareness,
ability to interact, and orientation)
What can we do to support lung function of a patient with ARDS? Answer - -
Maintain effective gas exchange
- Balance the benefits of PEEP in oxygenation and recruitment with the
increased intrathoracic pressure and its potential negative impact on
hemodynamics
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