CMB2001 Exam Questions With Verified
Answers
In prokaryotes RNA polymerase requires what co-factor? - answer70 sigma factor
Forms the holoenzyme
The promoter is formed of two hexameric sequences at what positions? - answer-35 and -10
The amount of product transcribed is dependant on how close ...
In prokaryotes RNA polymerase requires what co-factor? - answer✔✔70 sigma factor
Forms the holoenzyme
The promoter is formed of two hexameric sequences at what positions? - answer✔✔-35 and -10
The amount of product transcribed is dependant on how close the promoter sequences are to
what? - answer✔✔Consensus sequence
Eukaryotic promoters have a basal region which can contain a TATA box, initiator (Lnr), BRE
(TFIIV recognition element) and what other element? - answer✔✔Downstream core promoter
(DPE)
CPG islands are located near promoters, if the cysteine residues are methylated are genes turned
on or off? - answer✔✔Off
Hypomethylation = turned on
UAS is interchangeable with what term which increases transcription? - answer✔✔Enhancer
URS = silencer
What is an example of a reporter gene which can help analyse gene expression and how strong a
promoter is? - answer✔✔Lac-Z
What does RNA polymerase I transcribe? - answer✔✔rRNA (nucleolus)
What does RNA polymerase II transcribe? - answer✔✔mRNA, snRNA, miRNA
12 subunit complex
What does RNA polymerase III transcribe? - answer✔✔tRNA 5s RNA, U6 RNA, 7S RBA
Where do the general transcription factors bind in eukaryotes to recruit RNA polymerase II? -
answer✔✔Over the TATA box
TFIID binds the TATA box and recruits what? - answer✔✔TFIIA
TFIID, then TFIIA, the next factor binds and recruits RNA polymerase II and TFIIF what is it? -
answer✔✔TFIIB
After the recruitment of TFIIF with RNA polymerase what are the last two factors to bind? -
answer✔✔TFIIE then TFIIH
This whole complex = the pre initiation complex
Which subunit has helicase activity to unwind the start site to start unwinding the DNA? After
promoter melting - answer✔✔TFIIH
Uses ATP hydrolysis
After RNA polymerase transcribes and clears the promoter what is hyperphosphorylated? -
answer✔✔The C-terminal domain
TFIIH has two parts ATPase called XPB which causes promoter melting, CORE region and what
other region? - answer✔✔CAK - the kinase that phosphorylates the C- terminal domain
TFIID has a trilobular structure and binds the TATA box, what other factors bind to it? -
answer✔✔TATA binding protein (TBP is the main subunit), TBP associated factors (TAFs) =
interact with elements which bind to the promoter region
TAF6 = DPE
Promoters with only the basal or core regions will only have low levels of transcription, enhancer
elements can increase the level of transcription. There are three typical activators which hind
constitutively active activators, GC box = factor sp1, CAAT box = NFY factor, what is the third?
- answer✔✔Octamer binds Oct-1 factor
Enhancers can be upstream or downstream of the start site due to the flexible nature of DNA
response elements give additional control as they require factors to bind to them to activate
genes. SRE binds serum response factor which induces growth and HSE binds what? -
answer✔✔Heat shock factor
Eukaryotic activators are split into what two domains? In prokaryotes they are combined. -
answer✔✔Activation domain - binds activator domain can be more than one, interact with TAFs
DNA binding domain - leucine zippers, zinc fingers, homeodomains
Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay (EMSA) uses denaturing acrylamide gel to separate out
DNA which is free which runs down from what? - answer✔✔DNA bound to a protein activator
which stays at the top
In vitro
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