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PHCY 502_Class 11_Gastroinstestinal Systems Exam Study Guide
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PHCY 502_Class11_Gastroinstestinal Systems
Exam Study Guide
H. pylori - Answer Gram negative bacteria that can infect the stomach and duodenum,
and is a common cause of peptic ulcers
Hernia - Answer Occurs when an internal organ pushes through a weak spot in the
muscle or tissue
Hematemesis - Answer Vomiting of blood
Intussusception - Answer Inversion of one portion of the intestine within another
Colonoscopy - Answer Procedure in which a doctor uses a scope to look inside of a
patient's rectum and colon
Endoscopy - Answer Procedure in which a thin, flexible tube with a scope is inserted
down the throat and into the esophagus to observe the stomach and duodenum
Enema - Answer Injections of fluids used to cleanse or stimulate the emptying of a
patient's bowels
Laparoscopy - Answer Type of diagnostic surgical procedure that allows a surgeon to
access the inside of the abdomen without having to make large incisions in the skin
Masticate - Answer To chew (food)
Ostomy - Answer Surgical procedure that creates an opening in the abdomen, creating
a new path for waste, usually as a means for treating GI disorders or diseases
Peristalsis - Answer Involuntary contraction and relaxation of intestinal smooth muscle
creating wave-like movement that pushes contents within the lumen in the direction of
the anus
Peritoneum - Answer Serous membrane lining the cavity of the abdomen and covering
the abdominal organs
Reflux - Answer Occurs when the sphincter muscle at the lower end of the esophagus
relaxes inappropriately or lacks muscular tone, allowing gastric acids to enter the
esophagus
Sphincter - Answer Ring of muscle functioning to open and close the opening of a tube,
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