NUR 337 MSU Exam 2 Practice Questions With 100% Correct Solutions.
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Course
NUR 337
Institution
NUR 337
Renal Failure - Answer Results when the kidneys are unable to remove metabolic waste and perform their regulatory functions.
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) - Answer Amount of plasma filtered through the glomeruli per unit of time.
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Answer An abrupt or rap...
NUR 337 MSU Exam 2 Practice
Questions With 100% Correct Solutions.
Renal Failure - Answer Results when the kidneys are unable to remove metabolic waste and perform
their regulatory functions.
Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) - Answer Amount of plasma filtered through the glomeruli per unit of
time.
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Answer An abrupt or rapid decline in renal filtration function manifested by
acute elevation in BUN and creatinine occurring in hours to day to weeks.
Occurs for less than 3 months.
AKI is usually reversible.
Normal BUN Levels - Answer 8-21 mg/dL
Normal Creatinine Levels - Answer 0.51-1.21 mg/dL
Pre-renal AKI - Answer Physiological state of diminished perfusion.
Conditions associated with pre-renal AKI: - Answer Severe dehydration
- elimination of causative toxin, infection, or other cause
- prevention
Post-renal failure:
- relief of obstruction
- if tumor, surgery
- if stone, lithotripsy
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): Collaborative Interventions - Answer Drug therapy
- modified dosages (decrease metabolite stress on kidneys and compensate for decreased renal
metabolism)
- fluid balance (transfusions for pre-renal cases)
Diet therapy
- decrease Na+, K+, or foods with phosphorus
- high carbs and high calories
- initially low protein diet following diuretic phase switch to high protein and high calorie diet
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI): Management - Answer Avoid use of nephrotoxic meds
Maintain adequate hydration and nutrition
Minimize risk for infection
Correct fluids and electroyte imbalances
Skin care (prevent skin breakdown related to uremia, malnutrition, and immobility)
RIFLE (classification for AKI) - Answer R = risk for injury
, I = injury
F = failure
L = loss of function
E = end-stage kidney disease
Dialysis - Answer Complete separation of wastes from the blood when the kidneys fail.
What are the types of renal replacement therapies? - Answer Hemodialysis
Peritoneal dialysis or continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD)
Continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT)
Renal transplant
Hemodialysis (HD) - Answer A procedure where a dialysis machine and a special filter called an artificial
kidney, or a dialyzer, are used to clean the blood.
Blood pumped through dialyzer (filter) with dialysate (solution) on other side of the semipermeable
membrane.
Osmosis - Answer Movement of water across a semipermeable membrane from region of lower
concentration (blood) to region of higher concentration (dialysate).
Diffusion - Answer Movement of particles from an area of high concentration (blood) to an area of
lower concentration (dialysate).
Ultrafiltration - Answer Movement of particles by pressure.
What are the 3 access devices used for hemodialysis? - Answer Vascular access devices (short-term
use)
Arteriovenous fistula (long-term use)
Arteriovenous graft (long-term use with compromised vasculature)
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