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Miami Dade Pharmacology NUR1141 Final Exam Questions and Correct Explained Answers
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Miami Dade Pharmacology NUR1141 Final Exam Questions and Correct Explained Answers
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Miami Dade Pharmacology NUR1141 Final ExamQuestions and Correct Explained Answers
A toddler ingests a small amount of household cleaning fluid. What is the safest advice for the nurse
to provide the caregiver?
A. Give the child fluids and proceed to the emergency department.
B. Call the poison control center and follow directions.
C. Administer syrup of ipecac and monitor for vomiting.
D. Have the toddler eat bread to absorb the substance.
RATIONALES
A. Give the child fluids and proceed to the emergency department.
While giving the child fluids is generally important, proceeding to the emergency department without
consulting poison control may not be the most appropriate initial action. Poison control can provide
specific guidance based on the substance ingested.
B. Call the poison control center and follow directions.
The safest advice for a toddler who has ingested a small amount of household cleaning fluid is to call the
poison control center and follow their directions. Poison control centers are staffed with professionals
who can provide specific guidance based on the type and amount of the ingested substance. They can
advise on the appropriate steps to take, such as whether immediate medical attention is needed or if
monitoring at home is sufficient.
C. Administer syrup of ipecac and monitor for vomiting.
The use of syrup of ipecac is no longer recommended as a routine measure for ingested substances. It can
have adverse effects and may not be effective for all substances. Consulting poison control for guidance is
considered a more appropriate approach.
D. Have the toddler eat bread to absorb the substance.
The ingestion of certain substances may not be effectively addressed by having the toddler eat bread. The
specific advice for management should come from poison control, which can provide evidence-based
guidance.
A patient with peptic ulcer disease is noted to have a positive breath test for H. pylori. What will the
nurse anticipate the health care provider will order?
A. antacids and narcotics.
B. pepsin inhibitors and antiemetics.
C. proton pump inhibitors and antibiotics.
D. emetic agents and tranquilizers.
RATIONALES
A. Antacids and narcotics.
Antacids can provide temporary relief of symptoms, but they do not treat the underlying H. pylori
infection. Narcotics are not typically used as a standard treatment for peptic ulcer disease related to H.
pylori.
,B. Pepsin inhibitors and antiemetics.
Pepsin inhibitors and antiemetics may address symptoms but do not target the H. pylori infection directly.
The standard treatment involves antibiotics to eradicate the bacteria and proton pump inhibitors to reduce
acid production.
C. Proton pump inhibitors and antibiotics.
A positive breath test for H. pylori indicates the presence of Helicobacter pylori bacteria, which is
associated with peptic ulcer disease. The standard treatment for H. pylori infection involves a
combination of proton pump inhibitors (to reduce stomach acid production) and antibiotics (to eradicate
the bacteria).
D. Emetic agents and tranquilizers.
Emetic agents are used to induce vomiting and are not indicated for the treatment of H. pylori infection.
Tranquilizers are not part of the standard treatment for peptic ulcer disease associated with H. pylori.
A patient with a gastric ulcer is ordered sucralfate (Carafate). How does this medication works?
A. calm the patient to reduce acid production
B. block the H2 receptors
C. neutralize the gastric acids
D. coat the gastric lining
RATIONALES
A. Calm the patient to reduce acid production.
This description is not accurate for sucralfate. Calming the patient to reduce acid production is typically
associated with medications like proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or H2 receptor blockers.
B. Block the H2 receptors.
Blocking H2 receptors is the mechanism of action for H2 receptor blockers, such as ranitidine. It is not
the mechanism of action for sucralfate.
C. Neutralize the gastric acids.
Neutralizing gastric acids is the mechanism of action for antacids, such as aluminum hydroxide or
calcium carbonate. Sucralfate works differently; it forms a protective coating on the gastric lining rather
than directly neutralizing acids.
D. Coat the gastric lining.
This is the correct mechanism of action for sucralfate. It forms a protective coating on the gastric lining,
adhering to the ulcer site and providing a barrier against gastric acid.
A patient who complains of gastric distress from NSAIDS such as aspirin or indomethacin will most
likely benefit from the administration of which medication?
A. Misoprostol (Cytotec)
B. Lansoprazole (Prevacid)
C. Magaldrate (Riopan)
D. Magnesium trisilicate (Gaviscon)
RATIONALES
,A. Misoprostol (Cytotec)
The patient complaining of gastric distress from NSAIDs (Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs) like
aspirin or indomethacin may benefit from the administration of misoprostol (Cytotec). Misoprostol is a
prostaglandin analog that helps protect the stomach lining and reduce the risk of NSAID-induced gastric
ulcers.
B. Lansoprazole (Prevacid)
Lansoprazole is a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) that reduces stomach acid production. While PPIs can be
used for certain acid-related conditions, they do not directly protect against NSAID-induced gastric
distress.
C. Magaldrate (Riopan)
Magaldrate is an antacid that neutralizes stomach acid. It may provide relief from symptoms of
indigestion but does not specifically address the gastric distress caused by NSAIDs.
D. Magnesium trisilicate (Gaviscon)
Magnesium trisilicate is an antacid that helps neutralize stomach acid. Like magaldrate, it may alleviate
symptoms of indigestion but does not target the underlying issue of NSAID-induced gastric distress.
A patient is suspected to have peptic ulcer disease from H. pylori. The patient asks the nurse what
kind of testing will be done to determine the cause of the peptic ulcer. What will the nurse tell the
client?
A. blood cultures will need to be drawn.
B. a biopsy of the stomach will be done.
C. a breath test will be performed.
D. computerized scanning will identify if H. pylori is present.
RATIONALES
A. Blood cultures will need to be drawn.
Blood cultures are not typically used for diagnosing H. pylori infection. Instead, specific blood tests, such
as serology or antibody tests, may be employed to detect antibodies against H. pylori.
B. A biopsy of the stomach will be done.
While a biopsy may be taken during an upper endoscopy to examine the stomach lining for ulcers and H.
pylori infection, it is not the primary method for detecting the presence of H. pylori. The biopsy may be
used for confirming the infection and assessing the severity of damage.
C. A breath test will be performed.
This is the correct choice. The breath test is a common and non-invasive method used to detect the
presence of H. pylori. The patient drinks a solution containing a substance that H. pylori can break down,
and the detection of carbon dioxide in the patient's breath indicates the presence of the bacteria.
D. Computerized scanning will identify if H. pylori is present.
Computerized scanning, such as computed tomography (CT) scans, is not a primary method for detecting
H. pylori. Imaging studies are not typically used for H. pylori diagnosis, and the methods mentioned
earlier, like breath tests and endoscopy, are more commonly employed.
, A patient is ordered bisacodyl (Dulcolax). Before administering the drug, it is most important for
the nurse to assess the patient for what?
A. Hypertension
B. Anemia
C. Allergy to penicillin
D. Appendicitis.
RATIONALES
A. Hypertension
Hypertension is not a specific concern related to the use of bisacodyl. Bisacodyl is a laxative, and high
blood pressure is not typically considered a contraindication for its use.
B. Anemia
Anemia is not a specific concern related to the use of bisacodyl. The primary focus before administering
bisacodyl is to assess for signs or symptoms of appendicitis, as its use is contraindicated in cases of
suspected appendicitis.
C. Allergy to penicillin
Allergy to penicillin is not relevant in the context of administering bisacodyl. These are unrelated
medications with different mechanisms of action, and allergy to penicillin does not impact the
administration of bisacodyl.
D. Appendicitis
This is the correct choice. Before administering bisacodyl, it is crucial to assess the patient for signs or
symptoms of appendicitis. The use of bisacodyl is contraindicated in cases of suspected appendicitis, as it
may stimulate bowel activity and worsen the condition.
A patient is ordered a phenothiazine antiemetic for treatment of nausea and vomiting associated
with chemotherapy. The nurse will be evaluating for a positive effect. At what time should the
nurse administer the drug?
A. as requested by the patient.
B. 1 hour after chemotherapy administration.
C. The night before the treatment, the day of the treatment, and for 24 hours after the treatment.
D. the day of treatment.
RATIONALES
A. As requested by the patient.
Administering the drug only when requested by the patient may not provide adequate prophylaxis against
chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. These medications are often prescribed on a schedule to
prevent symptoms rather than treating them reactively.
B. 1 hour after chemotherapy administration.
Waiting until 1 hour after chemotherapy administration may not cover the full period during which
nausea and vomiting are likely to occur. The administration schedule for antiemetics is often more
extended to provide better coverage.
C. The night before the treatment, the day of the treatment, and for 24 hours after the treatment.
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