A child with Down's syndrome has had frequent respiratory tract infections
since birth. What should the APRN tell the parent is the underlying cause of
this illness? - correct answers ✅Gastroesophageal reflux disease causes
aspiration of thin fluids.
Feedback: Gastroesophageal reflux is commonly seen in children with Down
syndrome and can be severe enough to result in aspiration of stomach
contents, causing respiratory symptoms such as persistent coughing,
wheezing, and pneumonia
The FNP understands that a female patient with a complete or partial
absence of the second sex chromosome may also display which of the
following physical signs? - correct answers ✅Ovarian failure
Feedback: Turner's syndrome occurs in approximately 1 in 2500 live births. It
is diagnosed by complete or partial absence of the second sex chromosome
(45, X). Patients may also demonstrate congenital lymphedema of hands and
feet, webbed neck, high-arched palate, and short fourth metacarpal. Short
stature, Ovarian failure, cardiovascular and renal issues, ear malformations,
and other health problems, as well as amenorrhea due to premature ovarian
failure
An example of a disease that is caused by a chromosomal deletion is cri du
chat syndrome. Children affected with this disorder commonly display which
of the following symptoms? - correct answers ✅Symptoms associated with
cri du chat include low birth weight, severe intellectual disability,
microcephaly, and heart defects.
What type of immunity is the body's 3rd line of defense and includes the
primary characteristics of specificity and memory. - correct answers
✅Adaptive
Feedback: The third line of defense in the human body is adaptive (acquired)
immunity.
The local manifestations of inflammation result from vascular changes and
the circulation of associated components into the tissue. The 4 cardinal signs
of inflammation include all of the following: - correct answers ✅Swelling,
pain, heat, and redness are the cardinal signs of inflammation.
Patients with trisomy of the 21st chromosome are also predisposed to which
of the following diseases, which is also affected by alterations in the 21st
chromosome? - correct answers ✅Alzheimer Disease
Which assessment findings are typically associated with a diagnosis of
systemic lupus erythematous? - correct answers ✅Joint pain, malar rash,
and photosensitivity
Feedback: The symptoms most often experiences with SLE are arthritis,
arthralgias, fatigue, Reynaud phenomenon, chronic low-grade fever, sun
sensitivity, hair loss, weakness, malar facial rash, and weight loss.
The FNP understands the the most common form of facial paralysis is bells
palsy. This disorder primarily affects which cranial nerve? - correct answers
✅Bell palsy may be caused by reactivation of herpesviruses in cranial nerve
VII
A patient presents with symptoms of fever, tachycardia, chills, throbbing
headache, severe photophobia, and nuchal rigidity. Based on the presumed
diagnosis, the FNP understands that the following symptoms may also occur
in response to irritation and inflammation of the cranial nerves: - correct
answers ✅deafness, tinnitus, and vertigo
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