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Unit 4-CMN 568 Exam|185 Test Questions with Solutions
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Unit 4- CMN 568 Exam|185 Test Questions withSolutions
When does malrotation occur? CORRECT ANS-at about the 10th week of gestation
What is a malrotation? CORRECT ANS-a congenital abnormality that occurs during the
embryonic phase of development when the midgut retracts into the abdominal cavity. The
midgut rotates counterclockwise
When do infants typically become symptomatic with a malrotation? CORRECT ANS-at 3
weeks of life
What is the classic sign of a malrotation? CORRECT ANS-bilious vomitting
How is a malrotation diagnosed? CORRECT ANS-upper GI study
What are some radiologic findings that are indicative of a malrotation? CORRECT ANS-
corkscrew appearance with barium swallow; Signs of obstruction (air-fluid levels) may be
present, along with an abnormal gas pattern at the stomach and duodenum.
, Unit 4- CMN 568 Exam|185 Test Questions with
Solutions
What is pyloric stenosis? CORRECT ANS-results from hypertrophy of the pyloric sphincter
(muscle in the distal stomach), which leads to poor gastric emptying into the duodenum.
When does pyloric stenosis usually present? CORRECT ANS-At 2-4 weeks of age
What are the symptoms of pyloric stenosis? CORRECT ANS-vomiting that becomes
projectile; typically occurs immediately after feeding, is nonbilious, and the infant is hungry
after vomiting. The parents may also report constipation, excessive crying and weight loss, or
failure to gain weight
What can delay symptoms of pyloric stenosis? CORRECT ANS-breastfeeding
What is pyloric stenosis usually mistaken for? CORRECT ANS-reflux or formula intolerance
What is the hallmark finding of pyloric stenosis? CORRECT ANS-an olive-shaped mass in
RUQ
, Unit 4- CMN 568 Exam|185 Test Questions with
Solutions
What are typical lab and radiologic findings of a baby with pyloric stenosis? CORRECT ANS-
hypochloremia, metabolic alkalosis, Hypokalemia. KUB imaging reveals a dilated gastric
silhouette. An ultrasound typically reveals a thickened and elongated pylorus, measuring
greater than 4 mm.
What is intussusception? CORRECT ANS-involves the invagination of a section of the
intestine into itself. The most frequent site is at the terminal ileum.
What is often a predisposing factor of intussusception? CORRECT ANS-A recent viral illness,
mesenteric lymphadenitis, Henoch-Schonlein purpura, and cystic fibrosis
What is the typical age of onset of idiopathic intussusception? CORRECT ANS-6 to 18
months, with an average age of 7 to 8 months
If intussusception occurs beyond 36 mths, it is typically due to a physical abnormality such as?
CORRECT ANS-meckel's diverticulum or polyps
Is intussusception more common in girls or boys? CORRECT ANS-boys
, Unit 4- CMN 568 Exam|185 Test Questions with
Solutions
What is the classic presentation of intussusception? CORRECT ANS-colicky abdominal pain,
recent viral illness with some vomiting and perhaps diarrhea. The child begins to have
episodes of colicky abdominal pain, draws up the knees or stiffens the legs for a brief period,
and then becomes quiet for several minutes. The series of events recurs, typically every 15 to
20 minutes, and continues for several hours. The child may have blood in his or her stools,
prompting the "currant jelly" descriptor
What is typically present on palpation with intussusception? CORRECT ANS-A sausage
shaped mass typically in the right lower quad
What interventions should be considered when intussusception is suspected? CORRECT
ANS-consult a pediatric surgeon. Initiate intravenous hydration and order an air-contrast
enema. Consider an abdominal ultrasound as well
What will often diagnose and cure intussusception? CORRECT ANS-an air contrast enema
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