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HUMAN PARASITOLOGY - EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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HUMAN PARASITOLOGY - EXAM 1 QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
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HUMAN PARASITOLOGY - EXAM 1QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT ANSWERS
4 categories of symbiosis - Answer-1. Commensalism (+/0)
2. Phoresis
- phorant (+) but host (0)
3. Parasitism (exploitation) (+/-)
4. Mutualism (+/+)
Symbiont - Answer-Organism that lives in close association w another organism (diff
spp)
parasite has the ____ to harm host - Answer-potential -- doesnt always happen
*attacks rarely lead to death
*only attack 1 organism
micropredators - Answer-attacks multiple organisms
attacks rarely lead to death
ARE considered parasites - Answer-- *helminthes (trematodes, cestodes& nematodes)
-protozoa (not all - consider +/- rel)
-arthropods (esp vectors)
NOT parasites (traditionally) - Answer-bacteria
fungus
viruses
obligate parasite & ex? - Answer-- always parasitic; for most part of its life cycle
- is physiologically dep on the host = cant survive w/o
- EX: TICKS
facultative parasite - Answer-- can become a p if placed in a sit. that is conducive to do
so
- take the opp if it arises, eh why not?
- EX: when accidentally ingested
what age group is most severely affected by diarrheal disease ? - Answer-**it is the
leading cause of childhood death b/c of dehydration
,what are the 8 MDGs? - Answer-Millenium Dev Goals:
1. erad. poverty / hungry
2. universal primary education
3. gender equality
4. lower rates of child mortality
5. increase maternal health
6. *** combat the big 3 dis [HIV/MALRIA/TB]
7. enviornmental stability
8. dev global partnership for dev. of these countries
Who declared the MDGs and what is their target for completion? - Answer-The United
Nations in 2000
TFC: 2015 :\ womp
What are the BIG 3? - Answer-TB
MALARIA
HIV/AIDS
Who are the bottom billion? - Answer-1.4 billion people that are trapped in poverty and
live on less than $1.25/day
*highest concentration of NTDs
why consider polyparisitism when dev treatment strategies? - Answer-need broad
spectrum shit!
** RIP!
What is a RIP?
contents? - Answer-RAPID IMPACT PACKAGE
blister pack w 4 drugs
ivermectin (onchocerciasis & lymphatic filariasis)
albendazole (STH inf)
azirthmycin (trachoma)
PZQ (schistomiasis)
What drugs are in a RIP & what do they target - Answer-1. albendazole - STH infections
[soil-transmitted helminth infections]
2. azithromycin -- trachoma (think antibio needed for bacterial inf -- of eye)
,3. PZQ (praziquantel) -- schistomiasis
4. ivermectin -- onchocerciasis & lymphatic filariasis
Where are RIPs used? - Answer-Africa, Asia & South America
Basic goals of Helen Keller International? (3) - Answer-1. communal latrines - elim
flies/odors
2. safe h20 [wash/drink]
3. behavior modification to promote better health
Steps inv in projects aimed at developing countries (6) - Answer-1. map disease (know
its extent)
2. advocacy
3. training - others
4. social mobilization - spread the word
5. drug distribution - safe & appropriate
6. dosage poles
what is advocacy - Answer-must be active and have good relationships w policy
makers/ traditional healers in the community and others to gain supp
how is PZQ distributed - Answer-w food
hungry kids ate- threw up
what are the Neglected Infections of Poverty (NIP)? - Answer-They are the NTDs
(neglected tropical diseases) of the US
- disproportionately affect the poor and are underrepresented
RIP
Azithromycin - cures? - Answer-*TRACHOMA
- think bacterial infection --> antibiotics
~ chlamydia trachomatis
~ affects the eye
~ leading cause of infection blindness
RIP
Albendazole - cures? - Answer-STH infections
, [3]
1. ascariasis
2. hookworm
3. trichiuriasis
RIP
PZQ - cures? - Answer-schistosomiasis
RIP
ivermectin - cures? - Answer-1. onchoceriasis
-river blindness
2.lymphatic filariasis
*both are helminth infections
A _____ only attacks 1 organism but always kills - Answer-parasitoid
ex: hymenopterans (wasps!!! largest order of insects), dipterans
A ____ attacks multiple organisms and always kills them - Answer-predator
ex.lion
CDC- leading causes of death? - Answer-1. heart disease
2. cancer
3. stroke
4. lower respirtory disease ( *bacterial pnemonia)
5. accidents
6. complications of diabetes
CDC- how can she laugh at D?
5 common features of NTDs - Answer-1. high prevalence
2. rural pverty association
3. ancient disesases
4. chronic
5. contribute to disability and disfigurement
polyparasitism - Answer-when several NTDs occur in the same region
*use broad spectrum meds to help treat
DALY
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