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Summary Ultimate Guide AP Environmental Science 2024
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Ultimate Guide AP Environmental Science 2024
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Ultimate Guide AP Environmental Science2024
Ecosystem - A community of living (biotic) organisms interacting with the non-
living (abiotic) components of their environment as a system through various
nutrients and energy cycles.
Organism - A living thing that can function on its own.
Species - Organisms that resemble each other; are similar in genetic makeup,
chemistry, and behavior; and are able to interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
Interspecific - Means between different species.
Population - Organisms of the same species that interact with each other and
occupy a specific area.
Community - Population of different species.
Ecological Niche - A particular area within a habitat occupied by an organism, as
well as the function of that organism within its ecological community.
,Ultimate Guide AP Environmental Science
2024
Physical environment - It influences how organisms affect and is affected by
resources and competitors.
Niche - It reflects the specific adaptations that a species has acquired through
evolution.
Generalists - Able to survive on a wide variety of food resources
Generalists - Able to withstand a wide range of environmental conditions
Generalists - Live in broad niches
Specialists - Specific/limited number of prey
Specialists - Prone to extinction, sensitive to environmental change
Specialists - Live in narrow niches
,Ultimate Guide AP Environmental Science
2024
Symbiosis - A term used to describe any type of close and long-term biological
interaction between two different biological organisms of the same or different
species.
Amensalism - The interaction between two species whereby one species suffers
and the other species is not affected.
Commensalism - The interaction between two species whereby one organism
benefits and the other species is not affected.
Competition - It can be either intraspecific and interspecific. It is the driving force
of evolution whether it is for food, mating partners, or territory.
Intraspecific - Competition between members of the same species.
Interspecific - Competition between members of different species.
predator-prey relationships - Competition is prominent in ________, with the
predator seeking food and the prey seeking survival.
, Ultimate Guide AP Environmental Science
2024
Mutualism - The interaction between two species whereby both species benefit.
Parasitism - The interaction between two species whereby one species is
benefited, and the other species is harmed.
Opportunistic predators - These predators kill and eat almost anything.
Specialist predators - These predators only prey upon certain organisms.
Saprottrophism - Saprotrophs obtain their nutrients from dead or decaying plants
or animals through the absorption of soluble organic compounds.
Law of Tolerance - It states that the existence, abundance, and distribution of
species depend on the tolerance level of each species to both physical and
chemical factors.
Limiting Factor - Any abiotic factor that limits or prevents the growth of a
population.
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