Virulence
Ability of pathogen to invade and injure host (ability to produce disease)
non-specific (innate) immunity
first line of defense against invasion by pathogens
Previous
Play
Next
Rewind 10 seconds
Move forward 10 seconds
Unmute
0:01
/
0:15
Full screen
Brainpower
...
Iantrogenic (HAI) - ANSWER- results from diagnostic procedure
Exogenous (HAI) - ANSWER- from microorganisms outside the body
Endogenous (HAI) - ANSWER- overgrowth of natural flora (opportunistic)
Who is at risk for infection? - ANSWER- Immunocompromised
Post operative
Indwelling device
Break in the skin
impaired circulation
,chronic disease
crowded environments
older adults
poor life choices
Common HAI infection routes - ANSWER- 1. Surgical or trauma wound
2. Urinary
3. resp. Tract
4. bloodstream
Chain of Infection - ANSWER- 1. Infectious agent
2. Reservoirs - where does the infectious agent reside
3. Portal of exit - how does pathogen leave the body (sneeze/cough)
4. Means of transmission - how exposed to another person
5. Portal of entry - how does pathogen enter a new host
6. Susceptible host - person at risk for developing infection
Means of transmission - ANSWER- 1. Contact (Direct or indirect)
2. Droplet (sneeze, cough, talking), large particles
3. Airborne (cough, sneeze, exhaling), small particles suspended in air
4. Vector (animals/insects)
Stages of Infection - ANSWER- 1. Incubation - the time between pathogen enters
the body and first symptoms
2. Prodromal - General symptoms appear pathogen is multiplying (nonspecific
like fatigue)
3. Illness - specific symptoms of pathogen appear (ex: strep = sore throat)
4. Convalescence - symptoms are gone, recovery lasts days to months
Infection control - ANSWER- Patient safety
Separate personal care items
Handling solid and fluid waste
Wound cleaning
Patient education
Cough etiquette
isolation and isolation precautions
surgical asepsis
Devices at risk for infection (HAI) - ANSWER- -Catheter - avoid if possible, remove
as soon as possible
-IV - can be left in 72 hrs max
, Nursing Process of Infection
1. Assessment - ANSWER- -Review of systems
-Travel hist. And immunizations
-Early recog. Of risk factors
-Patient susceptibility to infection
-Current medical therapy
-Clinical appearance of patient
-Signs and symptoms of infection
-Lab data (WBC, ESR, CRP), WBC 15,000-20,000 definite infection
Nursing Process of Infection
2.Planning - ANSWER- -Goals and outcomes
(Prevent exposure to pathogens,
Control/reduce current infection, &
Maintain resistance to new infection)
-Verbalize understanding of infection prevention - teach client
-Teamwork and collaboration - use teamwork to work towards goals
Nursing Process of Infection
3.Implementation - ANSWER- -Health promotion - preventing an infection (use
med/surg asepsis)
-Acute care - eliminate pathogens and support immune defenses
Nursing Process of Infection
4. Evaluation - ANSWER- -what was success of infection control technique?
-See through patients eyes, have their expectations been met?
-Patient outcomes
(Measure success of infection control,
Compare patient's outcomes to expected outcomes,
If goals not achieved, what next steps must be taken?)
Medical asepsis (also called clean technique) - ANSWER- hand washing,
elimination pathogens
Surgical asepsis (also called sterile technique) - ANSWER- Maintain lack of
pathogens (already steril)
Infection Prevention techniques - ANSWER- -Patient safety
(Separate care items,
Handling solid and fluid waste,
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller tuition. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $11.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
