Microbiology Fundamentals A Clinical Approach, 4th Edition (Cowan, 2022), | Verified Chapters 1 - 22 Updated, Complete Newest Version
Microbiology Fundamentals A Clinical Approach, 4th Edition (Cowan, 2022), | Verified Chapters 1 - 22 Updated, Complete Newest Version
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TEST BANK For Microbiology Fundamentals A Clinical
Approach, 4th Edition (Cowan, 2022), | Verified Chapters 1 -
22 Updated, Complete Newest Version
Microbiology - ANSWER:the specialized area of biology that deals with organisms too
small to be seen with the naked eye
Major groups of microorganisms - ANSWER:Bacteria
Algae
Protozoa
Helminths
Fungi
Viruses: noncellular, parasitic, protein-coated genetic elements
eukaryotes - ANSWER:Cells with a nucleus
prokaryotes - ANSWER:small cells, lacking special structures such as nucleus and
organelles, all procaryotes are microorganisms
What kind of photosynthesis do bacteria use and what does it mean? -
ANSWER:anoxygenic photosynthesis-
Anoxygenic photosynthesis is the phototrophic process where light energy is
captured and converted to ATP, without the production of oxygen. Water is
therefore not used as an electron donor.
Photosynthetic microorganisms account for more than ____% of the earth's
photosynthesis - ANSWER:70
Decomposition - ANSWER:Breakdown of dead matter and wastes
Accomplished by bacteria and fungi
Microbes are the main forces that drive: - ANSWER:the structure and content of soil,
water, and atmosphere.
Where is bacteria found? - ANSWER:deep in the earth's crust (most abundent), polar
ice caps, oceans, and inside the bodies of plants and animals
True/False: Microscopic organisms produce more oxygen than plants - ANSWER:True
True/False: More than 50% of the microbes on the planet live below the Earth's crust
- ANSWER:True
Biotechnology: - ANSWER:manipulation of microorganisms to make products in an
industrial setting
, Genetic Engineering - ANSWER:manipulates the genetics of microbes, plants, and
animals for the purpose of creating new products and genetically modified
organisms (GMOs)
Recombinant DNA technology - ANSWER:Techniques that allow the transfer of
genetic material from one organism to another and deliberately alter DNA
Bioremediation - ANSWER:introduction of microbes into the environment to restore
stability or to clean up toxic pollutants
Name three products produced by genetically modified organisms that benefit
humans. - ANSWER:drugs, hormones and enzymes
Describe one method in which microbes are used for bioremediation. -
ANSWER:Treatment of water and sewage
Pathogen - ANSWER:any agent such as a virus, bacterium, fungus, protozoan, or
helminth that causes disease. Nearly 2,000 different microbes can cause disease
Malaria - ANSWER:Kills between 700,000 - 1.2 million people every year
Transmitted by mosquitoes
Prevention of infection is through the use of bed nets, which although inexpensive,
are too expensive for poor families
New (emerging) diseases as well as older (reemerging) diseases are increasing. Such
as: - ANSWER:AIDS, hepatitis C and viral encephalitis
Examples of some diseases that have been largely eradicated: - ANSWER:Polio,
leprosy, and parasitic worm diseases have largely been eradicated
Certain diseases once considered noninfectious are now found to be caused by
microbes. Some examples are: - ANSWER:-Gastric ulcers caused by Helicobacter
pylori
-Link between certain cancers and bacteria and viruses
-Cocksackie virus has been associated with diabetes
-The Borna agent has been linked to schizophrenia
True/False: All microbes cause disease. - ANSWER:False
Why is there a difference between the top 10 causes of death in the U.S. versus
worldwide? - ANSWER:The U.S. has better disease control verse worldwide.
Name three connections between diseases considered to be noninfectious and a
microbe. - ANSWER:The gastric ulcers caused by Helicobacter pylori. Cocksackie virus
has been associated with diabetes. The borna agent virus has been linked to
schizophrenia.
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