NUR 275 Exam 3 Questions With Correct And Revised Answers
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Course
NUR 275
Institution
NUR 275
NUR 275 Exam 3 Questions With Correct
And Revised Answers
What is exaravasation (infiltration)? - answerdrug leakage into surrounding tissue
How should causative IV solutions be given - answerThrough a central line
Nursing interventions for infiltration - answer§ Stop infusion immediately and ...
NUR 275 Exam 3 Questions With Correct
And Revised Answers
What is exaravasation (infiltration)? - answer✔✔drug leakage into surrounding tissue
How should causative IV solutions be given - answer✔✔Through a central line
Nursing interventions for infiltration - answer✔✔§ Stop infusion immediately and notify
provider
§ Check IV site frequently
§ Assess for pain, burning, and skin
§ Neurovascular assessment
§ Warm compress= alkaloids; cold compress= alkylating/antibiotics
Why do we use caution in giving drugs such as Epoetin and Darbepoetin in these patient -
answer✔✔There is an increase for bleeding and adverse effects along we can drastically drop
their platelet, RBC, HGB, HCT counts. This calls for us to give Epoetin when patients numbers
are at least 10
Neutropenia - answer✔✔low neutrophil count which causes increased risk for infection
Neutropenic fevers - answer✔✔anything above 100.4 is as immediate concern
Filgrastim (Neupogen)
§ Pegfilgrastim (Neulasta) - answer✔✔Both help to make more WBC
Thrombocytopenia - answer✔✔Decrease in circulating platelets.. imposes high risk for excessive
bleeding, from bone marrow suppression
Thrombocytopenia nursing main concern - answer✔✔bleeding risk
<50,000 bleeding risk - answer✔✔Caution.. use teaching these patients are high risk for bleeding
Good oral hygiene (soft bristle tooth brush)
DO NOT administer enemas
Use electric razors
Antiemetics - answer✔✔able to help well control the nausea/vomiting from chemo
In patients who have chemo induced nausea/vomiting what should be the nurses main concern -
answer✔✔Fluid volume deficit/electrolyte imbalances
goal of antiemetics - answer✔✔stay ahead, give before chemo
prolonged dehydration can cause - answer✔✔renal failure
In patients who have chemo induced nausea/vomiting how do we treat fluid volume deficit and
electrolyte imbalances - answer✔✔Isotonic fluids (LR's or NS 0.9%)
Mucositis - answer✔✔sores in the mucous membranes
teaching points for mucositis - answer✔✔Frequent oral assessments
Good oral hygiene
Soft bristled tooth brush
Gentle flossing once a day
(water pick preferred)
Saline rinses every hour while awake
Avoid mouthwashes that contain alcohol or drying agents
Why is myelosuppression a problem when considered mucositis - answer✔✔Leads to risk for
systemic infection, BLEEDING RISK, and trauma risk
is alopecia temporary - answer✔✔yes
If a patient asks can you prevent alopecia how should you respond? If there are interventions
what can be done - answer✔✔We can NOT prevent this from happening
If getting chemotherapy we can provide cool caps as a way to limit the hair loss **ONLY with
chemotherapy can not do this with radiation*
Ways to support patients going through or will go through alopecia - answer✔✔Allow patient to
decide if wanting to cut or shave head before
caps or hats
chemo brain - answer✔✔reduced ability to concentrate, memory loss, or difficulty learning
does chemo brain normally reverse? - answer✔✔yes
chemo brain is most common in what cancer - answer✔✔Most common in breast cancer
Number one nursing consideration for chemo brain - answer✔✔Help identify ways to cope with
this
Why is ovarian cancer such a late term diagnosed cancer - answer✔✔Patients are normally
asymptomatic until later stages not noticing minor changes and think the signs/symptoms mimic
normal menopause symptoms
ANC Formula - answer✔✔ANC = WBC x (% Neutrophils/100 + % Bands/100)
Tumor markers - answer✔✔substances that produced by the cancer or by other cells of the body
in response to cancer or certain benign conditions
Tumor markers found - answer✔✔blood, urine, stool, tumor tissues, or other bodily fluids
Is there a "universal" tumor marker - answer✔✔no
What 3 interacting factors influence cancer development - answer✔✔Carcinogen exposure,
genetic predisposition, immune function
oma - answer✔✔benign
sarcoma - answer✔✔malignant
Secondary Prevention - answer✔✔(Early detection)
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