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Bio 253 final exam questions and answers already graded A+ 2024/2025
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Bio 253 final exam questions and answers already graded A+ 2024/2025
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Bio 253 final examOrganelles are - ANS
Organs of the Urinary system - ANSkidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
draw and label a kidney with the subsequent phrases: Cortex, Medulla, Pelvis, renal artery,
renal vein, ureter, nephron - ANS
useful unit of the kidney - ANSnephron
1 million in step with kidney!
What elements make up the nephron? - ANSRenal corpuscle
Renal tubule
Glomerulus (capillaries that filter the blood plasma)
Bowman's tablet (surrounds the glomerulus)
Efferent arteriole
loop of henle
What is the glomerulus product of? - ANScapillaries
Function of a nephron - ANSfilter blood and produce urine
Two nephron kinds - ANSjuxtamedullary and cortical
juxtamedullary nephrons - ANS-Long nephron loops deeply invade medulla
-Ascending limbs have thick and thin segments
-Important in manufacturing of concentrated urine
-found on the boundary of the cortex and medulla
cortical nephrons - ANS-eighty five% of all nephrons
-short nephron loops
-efferent arterioles department into peritubular capillaries round PCT and DCT
How is urine made inside the kidney? - ANS1.)Reabsorption - moving substances with tubule
into the blood.
2.)filtration - occurs in the glomerulus or renal corpuscle
3.)secretion
4.)filtration
using force for filtration - ANShydrostatic pressure or BP
, What fluid comes out of the glomerulus? - ANSfiltrate
What is filtrate? - ANSmostly water, electrolytes, nutrients, and waste merchandise. Glucose is
normal in filtrate.
-much like blood plasma
Reabsorption inside the Nephron Loop - ANSOnly water is absorbed within the descending
limb. Na+ chloride is absorbed in the ascending limb (no water).
Status of water coming out of nephron loop? - ANS@ Lowest concentration (diluted)
Process taking place in nephron loop? - ANSCountercurrent mechanism (dilutes the urine). Can
additionally create concentrated urine from the Na+ absorbed within the ascending limb.
Tubular secretion - ANS-selectively actions substances from blood to filtrate in renal tubules and
collecting ducts
-From blood to tubular
-Usually within the distal tubule
-K+, H+, Uric acid, Penicillin are secreted
Hormones that regulate kidney feature - ANSdirectly :
ADH
Aldosterone
ANH
circuitously :
Renin (created by way of kidney)
Angiotensin
Aldosterone characteristic - ANS-decreases sodium and water loss in urine by means of
returning sodium and water to the blood
Aldosterone: Target Cells - ANSkidneys
ANH characteristic - ANSTells kidneys that blood quantity is too excessive, so dumps out H20
and Na+
Effects of ADH - ANSincreases reabsorption of water from urine back into plasma and
consequently, decreases the extent of water this is excreted
-secreted by posterior pituitary gland
-whilst someone is dehydrated, hypothalamus makes them thirsty and keeps greater water
because of the ADH
flow of urine through kidney - ANSGlomerulus
Bowmans Capsule
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