FRESENIUS NURSE FINAL EXAM WITH ANSWERS
The 3 reasons that dialysis is a high risk area: - answer-1. There is frequent exposure to blood
2. Patients & Staff are in close proximity
3. Dialysis patients are immunocompromised
All dialysis surfaces must be disinfected with _____ bleach solution until surfaces is glistening _____ and then
allow to - answer-1:100/ wet/ air dry
A ______ bleach solution is used to disinfect a large spill greater than ______ - answer-1:10/ 10 ml
The following are examples for what process: during initiation and termination of dialysis; cannulation of an
access; needle adjustment; changing a transducer; setting up a dialysis machine - answer-Examples of
procedures where exposure may occur and PPE must be worn
What 3 blood borne pathogens are found in a dialysis unit? - answer-hep b, hep c, and HIV
What steps should you take in the event of an exposure incident? - answer-1. Wash/ rinse area immediately
2. Report incident to clinical manager or charge nurse
3. Seek medical tx within 1-2 hrs
Hep B is extremely contagious and can live in the environment and remain viable on surfaces for at least ____
days - answer-7
How are Hep B patients dialyzed? - answer-In an isolation room with their own dedicated equipment such as
BP cuff and stethoscope, tourniquet, etc
These should be used to work on computer information in the isolation room. - answer-Clean Gloves
True or False? Tx sheets and medical records can enter the isolation room - answer-False: If tx sheets are used,
the tx sheets cannot enter the isolation room. Nor can medical records
Staff members should not care for these two types of patients on the same shift at the same time. - answer-HBV
and patients that are susceptible to HBV
Where do hep c patients dialyze and why? - answer-In the clinical area, hep c is not contagious and is is not
known to survive for very long outside of the body
How is hep c transmitted? - answer-Through contaminated blood transfusions in the past or from sexual contact
How is hep a transmitted? - answer-contaminated food and the oral-fecal route
Which blood test indicates infection with Hep B? - answer-HbsAg (HBsAg is the surface antigen of the
hepatitis B virus. It indicates current hepatitis B infection.)
Which blood test indicates the presence of immunity against Hep B? - answer-HBsAb (The HBsAb test, or
hepatitis B surface antibody test, looks for antibodies that your immune system makes in response to the surface
protein of the hepatitis B virus.)
, Which vaccines provides long-term immunity to Hep B? - answer-Recombivax or Engerix
Is latent TB contagious? - answer-Latent tuberculosis is not contagious, but can become active w/o tx
The following are signs and symptoms for what???Night sweats, productive, persistent cough, unexplained
weight loss, chills and fever, blood-tinged sputum - answer-Tubercolosis
How is TB spread? - answer-TB is spread by droplet nuclei produced from infected individuals when they
cough, sneeze, sing or speak
Where do TB patients dialyze? - answer-Not in the Clinic!!!!
In accordance with FMS policy what must TB patients have before they are allowed to return to the clinic??? -
answer-3 consecutive negative sputum cultures, ppd testing and chest x-rays
According to the new FMS policy, hands should be washed with soap and water for _____ seconds and
sanitized with alcohol for ___ seconds - answer-40-60 seconds/ 20-30 seconds
What are the 3 basic PPE's? - answer-1. Long sleeve gown
2. face shield w/mask
3. gloves
What are the anatomical structures of the urinary system in order of urine flow? - answer-1. (2) kidneys
2. (2) ureters
3. (1) bladder
4. (1) urethra
The functions of the kidney include: removal of waste products such as _______, _______, and ________. The
kidney also regulate ______, ______, and _______. - answer-removal of: creatinine, urea, uric acid
regulate: fluid, acid base, electrolytes
The kidney also has hormonal functions that include: production of renin to help regulate ________; production
of erythropoietin, which stimulates bone marrow for __________; and the regulation of calcium/phosphorus
balance through the activation of ________, which enables us to absorb our dietary calcium, thereby promoting
continued good bone health. - answer-blood pressure, red blood cell production, vitamin D
This is the functional unit in the kidney, it filters blood to form urine. - answer-Nephron
This is a network (tuft) of capillaries that performs the 1st step of filtering blood. - answer-glomerulus
What is the synthetic form of Erythropoietin? - answer-The synthetic form of erythropoietin is called
Recombinant Epoetin Alfa (Epogen), a drug given by licensed nursing staff to dialysis patient, to treat anemia
What is the synthetic form of Vitamin D? - answer-Calcitriol is the activated form. Calcijex, Zemplar, and
Hectorol (all synthetic calcitriol) are medications used in treating bone disease for hemodialysis patients.
What are the 3 main causes of renal failure? - answer-1. diabetic nephropathy (damage to kidney caused by
diabetes)
2. hypertension
3. Other: polycystic kidney disease, lupus, AIDS, Drug toxicity, interstitial nephritis, etc
