Med Surg Exam #2 Practice Questions and answers
Answer: B - answer-A patient who can barely ambulate with a walker at home is having a left total knee
replacement. What is the most appropriate category for this surgery?
A. Urgent
B. Restorative
C. Simple
D. Palliative
Answer: B - answer-A patient with an abdominal aortic aneurysm is having surgical repair. What is the correct
classification for this surgery?
A. Restorative
B. Emergent
C. Urgent
D. Minor
Answer: D - answer-A 47-year old patient is having surgery to remove kidney stones. What is the correct
classification for this surgery?
A. Restorative
B. Emergent
C. Palliative
D. Urgent
Answer: B,C,E - answer-The nurse screens a preoperative patient for conditions that may increase the risk for
complications during the perioperative period. Which conditions are possible risk factors? Select all that apply
A. Emotionally stable
B. 67 years old
C. obesity
D. marathon runner
E. pulmonary disease
Answer: A,B,D,E - answer-A 79-year old patient with type II diabetes is scheduled for surgery to remove his
left great toe. Which risk factors for complications of surgery does the nurse assess for in this patient? Select all
that apply
a. presence of chronic illnesses
b. problems with healing
c. absence of smoking history
d. dehydration
e. electrolyte imbalances
f. daily exercise routine.
Answer: C - answer-What Definition is appropriate for local anesthesia?
A. Injection of anesthetic agent into or around a nerve or group of nerves, resulting in blocked sensation and
motor impulse transmission
B. injection of the anesthetic agent into the epidural space; the spinal cord areas are never entered.
C. injection of an anesthetic agent directly into the tissue around an incision, wound, or lesion.
D. injection of anesthetic agent into or around a nerve or group of nerves, resulting in blocked sensation and
motor impulse transmission.
,Answer: B - answer-What is the primary purpose of a PACU?
a. Follow-through on the surgeon's postoperative orders
b. Ongoing critical evaluation and stabilization of the patient
c. Prevention of lengthened hospital stay
d. Arousal of patient following the use of conscious sedation
Answer: C - answer-If a patient experiences a wound dehiscence which description illustrates what is happening
to the wound?
a. Purulent drainage is present at incision site because of infection
b. Extreme pain is present at incision site
c. a partial or complete separation of outer layers is present at incision site.
d. The inner and outer layers of the incision are separated
Answer: b, c, e - answer-Which respiratory changes occur as a result of aging (select all that apply)?
a. increased elastic recoil
b. dilation of alveolar ducts
c. decreased ability to cough
d. alveolar surface tension increases
e. diffusion capacity decreases
Answer: C - answer-The patient has been on oxygen therapy at 70% for over 2 days. Which complication must
the nurse monitor?
a. oxygen-induced hypoventilation
b. hypercarbia
c. oxygen toxicity
d. absorption atelectasis
Answer: A,B,C,D - answer-Increased risk for oxygen toxicity is related to which factors? (select all that apply.)
a. continuous delivery of oxygen at greater than 50% concentration
b. delivery of a high concentration of oxygen over 24-48 hours
c. the severity and extent of lung disease
d. neglecting to monitor the patient's status and reducing oxygen concentration as soon as possible
e. adding continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) or positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)
Answer: a, c, d, e - answer-Which factors are considered hazards associated with oxygen therapy? (select all
that apply.)
a. increased combustion
b. oxygen narcosis
c. oxygen toxicity
d. absorption atelectasis
e. oxygen-induced hypoventilation
Answer: D
Rationale: Maintaining the head in an elevated position will decrease the amount of nasal swelling. NSAIDs,
such as ibuprofen, increase the risk for postoperative bleeding and should not be used postoperatively. The
patient would not be taught to remove or reapply nasal packing, which is usually removed by the surgeon on the
day after surgery. Although return to a preinjury appearance is the goal of the surgery, it is not always possible
to achieve this result, especially in the first few weeks after surgery. - answer-The nurse teaches a patient about
, discharge instructions after a rhinoplasty. Which statement, if made by the patient, indicates that the teaching
was successful?
a. "I can take 800 mg ibuprofen for pain control."
b. "I will safely remove and reapply nasal packing daily."
c. "My nose will look normal after 24 hours when the swelling goes away."
d. "I will keep my head elevated for 48 hours to minimize swelling and pain."
Answer: A,C,E - answer-Which side effects would a patient with obstructive sleep apnea report? (Select all that
apply)
A. Excessive daytime sleeping
B. Excessive daytime hyperactivity
C. Inability to concentrate
D. Excessive production of sputum
E. Irritability
Answer: D
Rationale: The methylxanthines comprise a group of bronchodilators chemically related to caffeine. Because of
the drugs' chemical similarities, patients should avoid foods and beverages containing caffeine when taking
these drugs. - answer-The patient is receiving theophylline (Theo-Dur) for treatment of asthma. Nursing
intervention is required if the patient makes which of the following statements?
A. "I will notify my doctor if my vision changes."
B. "I will use my inhaler if I am wheezing."
C. "I will check my heart rate each day."
D. "I will take my medicine with my coffee each morning."
Answer: A
Rationale: The methylxanthines comprise a group of bronchodilators chemically related to caffeine. Because of
the drugs' chemical similarities, patients should avoid foods and beverages containing caffeine when taking
these drugs. - answer-A client has begun therapy with theophylline (Theo-24). A nurse plans to teach the client
to limit the intake of which of the following while taking this medication?
A. Coffee, cola, and chocolate
B. Oysters, lobster, and shrimp
C. Melons, oranges, and pineapple
D. Cottage cheese, cream cheese, and dairy creamers
Answer: Liquid or soft diet
Rationale:
A liquid or soft diet is provided during the acute stage of the disease, depending on the patient's appetite and the
degree of discomfort that occurs with swallowing. The patient is encouraged to drink as much fluid as possible
(at least 2 to 3 L/day). There is no need for increased potassium or protein intake. - answer-A patient is being
treated for bacterial pharyngitis. Which of the following should the nurse recommend when promoting the
patient's nutrition during treatment?
Answer: B - answer-When conducting preoperative patient and family teaching, you demonstrate proper use of
the incentive spirometer. You know that the patient understands the need for this intervention when the patient
states, "I use this device to
A. Help my cough reflex."
B. Expand my lungs after surgery."
C. Increase my lung capacity."
D. Drain excess fluid from my lungs."
